试析《黑镜：全网公敌》的网络暴力主题

An Analysis of the Theme of Cyber Violence in Black Mirror: Hated in the Nation

摘要: 数字时代，随着媒介技术的不断发展和进步，互联网在不断地打破时间与空间的限制，人们的日常生活与社交媒体的关联度日甚一日地提高，随着网络群体的聚集，网络集体无意识往往容易催生出网络暴力，对被霸凌者造成难以磨灭的伤害。英国迷你电视剧《黑镜：全网公敌》便对这一主题进行了很好的诠释，剧中以具象化的“人造蜜蜂”直接杀害被网暴者这一情节设计，暗指网络暴力对普通人所造成的实质性伤害。诚如古斯塔夫•勒庞在《乌合之众》中所言：“群体的无意识取代了个体有意识的行为。”网民作为网络群体事件中的参与主体，深刻反映着“乌合之众”的心理特点和行为特征。本文基于古斯塔夫•勒庞的《乌合之众》，进一步探析电视剧《全网公敌》中的网络暴力主题。

Abstract: In the digital age, with the continuous development and progress of media technology, the Internet is constantly breaking the restrictions of time and space, and the correlation between People’s daily life and social media is increasing day by day. With the gathering of network groups, the collective unconsciousness of the network tends to give birth to network violence, causing indelible harm to the bullied. The British mini-TV series Black Mirror: Hated in the Nation has a good interpretation of this theme, and the plot design of the play to kill the victim of Internet violence directly with a concrete “artificial bee” implies the substantial harm caused by Internet violence to ordinary people. As Gustave Le Bon put it in The Crowd: “The unconscious of the group replaces the conscious action of the individual.” Netizens, as participants in network group events, deeply reflect the psychological and behavioral characteristics of the “crowd”. Based on Gustave Le Bon’s The Crowd, this paper further explores the theme of network violence in the TV series Hated in the Nation.