体育锻炼对大学生心理健康与自杀行为关系的研究进展

Research Progress on the Relationship between Physical Exercise and College Students’ Mental Health and Suicide Behavior

摘要: 大学生群体由于学业压力的原因，普遍存在锻炼不足的现象，导致大学生心理健康问题的发病率及自杀行为在不断上升。体育锻炼对心理健康问题的改善效果已经被证明，但大学生群体的体育锻炼与心理健康和自杀行为之间是否存在线性相关关系，仍存在一定的争议。检索国内外相关文献，梳理体育锻炼的频率、强度、方式和持续时间对大学生心理健康及自杀行为的影响效果。结果表明，体育锻炼的频率与抑郁症之间呈现U型曲线关系，并不是锻炼的越多改善的效果就越好，最佳的锻炼频率是3~5次每周。锻炼的强度和持续的时间是大学生压力改善的重要指标。锻炼的频率和持续的时间是大学生自杀行为改善的重要指标，女性大学生锻炼的频率、持续的时间与自杀行为之间呈现U型曲线关系。

Abstract: Due to the academic pressure, college students generally lack of exercise, which leads to the in-creasing incidence rate of mental health problems and suicidal behavior of college students. The improvement effect of physical exercise on mental health problems has been proven, but there is still some controversy about whether there is a linear correlation between physical exercise and mental health and suicide behavior among college students. Retrieve relevant literature at home and abroad to explore the effects of frequency, intensity, style, and duration of physical exercise on college students' mental health and suicide behavior. The results show that there is a U-shaped relationship between the frequency of physical exercise and depression, not that the more exercise you take, the better the effect. The best exercise frequency is 3~5 times per week. The intensity and duration of exercise are important indicators for improving stress among college students. The frequency and duration of exercise are important indicators for improving suicide behavior among college students. The relationship between the frequency and duration of exercise among female college students and suicide behavior presents a U-shaped curve.