国内外老年社区参与研究热点及展望——基于CiteSpace知识图谱的可视化分析

Research Hotspots and Prospects of Elderly Community Participation at Home and Abroad—Visual Analysis of Knowledge Graph Based on CiteSpace

摘要: 目的：对国内外老年社区参与文献研究进展和趋势进行洞察、归纳与总结，为我国老年社区参与领域相关研究提供理论参考，为我国基层展开老年社区参与实践工作提供创新思路。方法：将2007~2023年科学引文数据库(Web of Science)核心合集，以及2001~2023年中国知网(CNKI)收录的老年社区参与相关文献作为研究对象，利用CiteSpace和Vosviwer数据可视化软件绘制学科研究、关键词、突现词等知识图谱，以洞见国内外老年社区参与研究趋势和热点。结果：国内外老年社区参与文献发文量整体呈平稳上升趋势，国内研究起步更晚、更缓；从研究前沿热点分析，国外研究中较热关键词为健康、老年人、参与、社区等，国内研究中社会工作、社区养老、社区治理等关键词出现频次较高；国外老年社区参与健康学、护理学、社会学、心理学等学科的知识流动频率较高，彰显了多学科知识吸收的特征。从关键词聚类分析来看，国外研究主题主要为体育活动、性别差异、认知等，国内研究主题则主要为社区养老、社区参与和社区治理。结论：当前国内外老年社区参与领域先后形成多元主体合作、内容综合构建、互联网赋能等多维度研究格局。基于此提出我国老年社区参与创新研究四点建议：聚焦老年群体能力与参与意愿匹配、关注老年社区参与内容分层供给、引入数字技术赋能老年社区参与、建构多元主体协同参与机制。

Abstract: Objective: To analyze and summarize the literature research progress and trend of elderly community participation at home and abroad, provide theoretical reference for relevant research in the field of elderly community participation in China, and provide innovative ideas for grassroots elderly community participation practice. Methods: The core collection of the Web of Science Citation Database (2007~2023) and the literature related to elderly community participation collected by China National Knowledge Network (CNKI) (2001~2023) were taken as research objects. CiteSpace and Vosviwer data visualization software were used to draw knowledge maps of subject research, keywords, and outburst words, so as to gain insight into the research trends and hotspots of elderly community participation at home and abroad. Results: The number of literature articles on the participation of the elderly community at home and abroad showed a steady upward trend, while the domestic research started later and slower. From the analysis of hot topics in the research frontier, the hot keywords in foreign research are health, the elderly, participation, community, etc., while in domestic research, the keywords such as social work, community pension, and community governance appear more frequently. The knowledge flow frequency of health science, nursing science, sociology, psychology and other disciplines of elderly community participation in foreign countries is high, which shows the characteristics of multi-disciplinary knowledge absorption. From the perspective of keyword cluster analysis, foreign research topics mainly include physical activity, gender difference, cognition, etc., while domestic research topics mainly include community pension, community participation and community governance. Conclusion: At present, the field of elderly community participation at home and abroad has formed a multi-dimensional research pattern, such as multi-subject cooperation, comprehensive content construction, and Internet empowerment. Based on this, four suggestions are put forward for the innovation research of elderly community participation in China: focusing on the matching of elderly groups’ ability and participation intention, paying attention to the hierarchical supply of elderly community participation content, introducing digital technology to enable elderly community participation, and constructing a multi-subject collaborative participation mechanism.