维生素D水平与儿童生长发育的相关性研究

A Study on the Correlation between Vitamin D Levels and Children’s Growth and Development

摘要: 目的：探索永川区0~5岁儿童不同维生素D营养水平对其生长发育的影响。方法：从2023年3月至2023年5月在我院接受儿童健康体格检查的0~5岁儿童中随机抽取303例作为此次研究对象，采用串联质谱法检测血清25羟基维生素D [25-(OH)D]的含量，根据25-(OH)D水平分为缺乏组(<20 ng/ml)、不足组(20~30 ng/ml)、正常组(30~100 ng/ml)，组间对比分析一般资料、近3月的身高生长及患病情况。选取正常组中身高偏离(即生长减速)的儿童，将其随机分为两组，实验组补充维生素D 800 IU/d，对照组补充400 IU/d，3月后复查25-(OH)D含量、测量身高，比较两组间的身高生长情况。结果：303例0~5岁儿童中237例(78.2%)维生素正常，52例(17.2%)维生素D不足，14例(4.6%)例维生素D缺乏，三组在年龄分布上存在显著差异，近3月患病率仅正常组明显高于不足组，身高生长方面仅在生长加速的儿童占比中不足组明显低于正常组。身高偏离儿童共96例，实验组47例，对照组49例，男女、年龄分布、补充前维生素D水平无明显差异，调整维生素D补充剂量后维生素D水平、生长加速儿童占比实验组高于对照组，差异具有统计学意义。结论：随着年龄增长，维生素D水平呈下降趋势，维生素D水平与儿童生长发育、呼吸道免疫功能密切相关。针对维生素D水平正常但身高偏离儿童，维生素D针对性补充800 IU/d可能更好地促进身高增长。

Abstract: Objective: To explore the effects of different levels of vitamin D nutrition on the growth and devel-opment of children aged 0~5 in Yongchuan District. Method: 303 children aged 0~5 who underwent physical examination in our hospital from March 2023 to May 2023 were randomly selected as the subjects of this study. The content of serum 25 hydroxyvitamin D [25-(OH) D] was measured using tandem mass spectrometry. According to the 25-(OH) D level, they were divided into a deficiency group (<20 ng/ml), a deficiency group (20~30 ng/ml), and a normal group (30~100 ng/ml). Gen-eral data were compared and analyzed between groups height growth and disease status in the past three months. Children with height deviation (i.e. growth retardation) in the normal group were se-lected and randomly divided into two groups. The experimental group received vitamin D supple-mentation of 800 IU/d, while the control group received vitamin D supplementation of 400 IU/d. After 3 months, 25-(OH) D content was rechecked and height was measured, and the height growth between the two groups was compared. Result: Among the 303 children aged 0~5, 237 (78.2%) had normal vitamins, 52 (17.2%) had insufficient vitamin D, and 14 (4.6%) had insufficient vitamin D. There were significant differences in age distribution among the three groups. In the past three months, the incidence rate was significantly higher in the normal group than in the insufficient group, and the proportion of children with accelerated growth in height was significantly lower in the insufficient group than in the normal group. There were 96 children with height deviation, 47 in the experimental group and 49 in the control group. There was no significant difference in gender, age distribution, and vitamin D levels before supplementation. After adjusting the dosage of vita-min D supplementation, the proportion of children with accelerated growth in the experimental group was higher than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant. Con-clusion: As age increases, vitamin D levels show a downward trend, and vitamin D levels are closely related to children’s growth and development, as well as respiratory immune function. Targeted supplementation of 800 IU/d of vitamin D may better promote height growth in children with nor-mal vitamin D levels but height deviation.