基于博物馆学和建筑学视角下地域性元素在博物馆设计的运用研究

Research on the Application of Regional Elements in Museum Design from the Perspective of Museology and Architecture

摘要: 博物馆作为重要的公共建筑，是地方文化多样性保护和传播的重要方式，博物馆设计不仅需要满足功能，更需要具有地域性。地域性元素的运用是博物馆设计的重点内容，也是建筑学学者的研究热点。建筑学科的研究更侧重技法研究，对元素符号提取不够准确。一直以来，博物馆学科学者在这个领域的研究薄弱。博物馆管理者作为业主单位对博物馆设计的地域性元素运用技法认识不够，建设过程中对文化导向的把控准确度不高。笔者通过对大量的博物馆案例和博物馆地域性文献研究的分析后，认为地域性元素的运用可以分为提取、转译、植入三个环节，博物馆管理者作为文化的研究者，需要确保地域性元素的准确性和典型性，加深对博物馆设计技法的认识。博物馆设计者需要加强对博物馆展品的文化内涵转译和植入的手法认知，避免简单文化符号堆砌。以双重学科视角研究博物馆的地域性元素运用既弥补博物馆学科对地域性研究不足，也弥补了建筑学科在博物馆设计地域性研究中文化内涵的缺失。

Abstract: As an important public building, museums are an important way to protect and disseminate local cultural diversity. Museum design not only needs to meet functional requirements, but also needs to have regional characteristics. The application of regional elements is a key aspect of museum design and a research hotspot for architectural scholars. The research within the discipline of architecture focuses more on technical research, and the extraction of element symbols is not accurate enough. The research of museum scholars in this field has always been weak. As the owner unit, museum managers have insufficient understanding of the application techniques of regional elements in museum design, and the accuracy of cultural orientation control during the construction process is not high. After analyzing a large number of museum cases and re-search on museum regional literature, it is believed that the application of regional elements can be divided into three stages: extraction, translation, and implantation. As cultural researchers, museum managers need to ensure the accuracy and typicality of regional elements and deepen their understanding of museum design techniques. Museum designers need to strengthen their understanding of the techniques for translating and embedding the cultural connotations of museum exhibits, avoiding the stacking of simple cultural symbols. Studying the application of regional elements in museums from a dual disciplinary perspective not only compensates for the lack of regional research in museum disciplines, but also compensates for the lack of cultural connotations in the study of regional design in architecture disciplines.