位于气管的血管球瘤一例报告

Tracheal Glomus Tumor: A Case Report

摘要: 目的：研究气管血管球瘤的临床表现、病理特点、影像表现及鉴别诊断。方法：回顾性分析临沂市人民医院一例确诊为气管血管球瘤的患者的临床、病理及影像资料，结合以往的相关文献，归纳其影像特点并予以鉴别。结果：该患者组织病理学检查见小圆细胞呈巢状排列分布于血管周围，免疫组织学染色示平滑肌肌动蛋白(SMA)阳性，钙结合蛋白(caldesmon)阳性，病理诊断为气管血管球瘤。CT主要表现为气管后壁突向腔内的结节，密度均匀，增强扫描呈动脉期明显均匀强化，静脉期持续强化。结论：气管血管球瘤较为罕见，主要通过病理学及免疫组化明确诊断。CT上呈明显强化结节，需要与气管内的肿瘤如类癌、腺样囊性癌、气管内神经鞘瘤及副神经节瘤等进行鉴别。

Abstract: Objective: To explore the clinical manifestations, pathological characteristics, imaging manifesta-tions, and differential diagnosis of tracheal glomus tumor. Method: The clinical, pathological and imaging data of tracheal glomus tumor diagnosed in the Linyi people’s hospital was analyzed retro-spectively. Based on previous relevant literatures, the imaging characteristics and differential di-agnosis of tracheal glomus tumor were summarized. Result: The histopathological examination of the patient showed a nest like arrangement of small round cells distributed around the blood ves-sels. Immunohistochemical staining showed that the tumor cells were positive for smooth muscle actin (SMA) and calcium binding protein (caldesmon). The pathological diagnosis was tracheal glo-mus tumor. The main manifestation of CT showed a nodule protruding from the posterior wall of the trachea into the cavity, with uniform density. The enhanced scan shows obvious and uniform en-hancement in the arterial phase, while continuous enhancement in the venous phase. Conclusion: Tracheal glomus tumors are relatively rare and are mainly diagnosed through pathology and im-munohistochemistry. On CT, there is a significantly enhanced nodule that needs to be differentiated from tumors in the trachea, such as carcinoids, adenoid cystic carcinoma, tracheal schwannoma, and paraganglioma.