青少年非自杀性自伤治疗的研究进展综述

A Review of Advances in Non-Suicidal Self-Injury Treatment in Adolescents

摘要: 非自杀性自伤(non-suicidal self-injury, NSSI)，通常指个体不以自杀为目的，故意、直接、反复损伤自身组织的行为，如切割、烧灼及咬伤等。青少年是非自杀性自伤的高发人群，非自杀性自伤严重影响青少年的身心健康。从流行学调查结果来看女性发病率高于男性，但女性患者的自伤行为较男性温和。与非自杀性自伤行为相关的因素主要包括神经生物学因素、家庭因素和社会因素三个方面。NSSI治疗是指通过药物、心理干预等方式降低个体的自伤意图和自伤行为的治疗。目前对NSSI的干预主要以药物治疗、心理治疗和物理治疗为主，尚缺乏统一的治疗方案。未来研究应更深入探讨我国青少年NSSI的干预和治疗方法。

Abstract: Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is a direct and deliberate act of hurting oneself without the purpose of suicide, including various forms such as cutting, burning, and biting oneself. Adolescents have a high incidence of non-suicidal self-injury, which seriously affects the physical and mental health of adolescents. According to the epidemiological survey results, the incidence of women is higher than that of men, and the behavior of female patients is milder than that of men. The factors associated with NSSI include: neurobiological factors, family factors, and social factors. NSSI treatment refers to the treatment that reduces the individual NSSI intention and NSSI behavior through drugs and psychological intervention. The current intervention for NSSI mainly focuses on medication, psy-chotherapy and physical therapy, which still lacks a unified treatment plan. Future studies should explore the intervention and treatment of NSSI.