营养干预与晚期消化道恶性肿瘤患者化疗疗效和免疫状态相关性的研究：一项随机对照研究

Study on the Correlation between Nutritional Intervention and Chemotherapy Efficacy and Immune Status in Patients with Advanced Gastrointestinal Malignancies: A Randomized Controlled Trial

摘要: 目的：分析营养干预对消化道肿瘤患者化疗疗效和免疫状态的影响。方法：收集化疗后的60例消化道肿瘤患者随机分组为无营养干预组(对照组)和营养干预组(实验组)。入组人员人体成分分析采用生物电阻抗法，并对患者干预前后的营养、免疫及炎症指标进行测定。统计并比较各组不良反应的发生率和化疗的效果。结果：干预前，两组患者在营养指标水平方面无统计学差异。营养干预后，患者一般营养指标明显改善；血红蛋白、白蛋白水平升高；炎症指标IL-1、IL-6水平下降；免疫球蛋白(Ig)G、IgM、IgA水平显著升高。而且，治疗后，实验组患者的不良反应发生率显著低于对照组，化疗有效率高于对照组。结论：营养干预能够有效改善消化道肿瘤化疗后的营养状况，提高患者免疫因子水平及免疫功能，降低体内炎症水平，而且减少不良反应的发生，提高化疗终疗效。

Abstract: Objective: To analyze the impact of nutritional intervention on the chemotherapy efficacy and im-mune status of patients with digestive tract tumors. Method: Sixty patients with digestive tract tu-mors after chemotherapy were randomly divided into a non-nutritional intervention group (control group) and a nutritional intervention group (experimental group). Bioelectrical impedance method was used for human body composition analysis. The nutritional characters and im-mune/inflammatory indicators before and after intervention care compared between two groups. The incidence of adverse reactions and chemotherapy effects was compared between the two groups. Results: Before the intervention, there was no statistically significant difference in the lev-els of nutritional indicators between the two groups. After nutritional intervention, the patient’s general nutritional indicators improved significantly. Elevated levels of hemoglobin and albumin were observed after intervention. The levels of inflammatory markers IL-1 and IL-6 decreased, while the levels of immunoglobulin (Ig)G, IgM, and IgA were significantly increased after interven-tion. The incidence of adverse reactions in the experimental group was lower than that in the con-trol group, and the effective rate of chemotherapy was higher than that in the control group. Con-clusion: Nutritional intervention can effectively improve the nutritional status of gastrointestinal tumors after chemotherapy, enhance immune function, inhibit inflammation, reduce adverse reac-tions, and improve chemotherapy efficacy.