论《离骚》创作中的环境书写与历史承载

On the Environmental Writing and Historical Bearing in the Creation of “Li Sao”

摘要: 屈原在《离骚》中构建了两类典型的环境——“故宇”与“昆仑悬圃”。前者是现实中楚国地理空间的文本呈现；后者则是屈原理想精神空间的表征，这两类环境在《离骚》文本中通过“道”与“路”两个意象彼此连通，共同构成《离骚》光怪陆离的空间景观。通过分析这两类空间在《离骚》中不同的建构方式，可以从心理学层面探析屈原与时代之间的关系，进而解释屈原悲剧产生的原因。屈原创作所承担的历史意义凸显与其文本中，有其深刻的典范价值，通过各类文献的完善补充，可以寻绎一条研究屈原的新道路。

Abstract: Qu Yuan constructed two typical environments in “Li Sao”: “Guyu” and “Kunlun Hanging Garden”. The former is the textual presentation of the geographical space of Chu State in reality; the latter is the representation of Qu Yuan’s ideal spiritual space. These two types of environments are connected to each other through the two images of “Tao” and “Road” in the text of “Li Sao”, and together constitute “Li Sao”. “Li Sao” is a bizarre spatial landscape. By analyzing the different construction methods of these two types of spaces in “Li Sao”, we can explore the relationship between Qu Yuan and the times from a psychological level, and then explain the reasons for Qu Yuan’s tragedy. The historical significance of Qu Yuan’s creations is highlighted and its text has profound exemplary value. Through the improvement and supplement of various documents, a new path for studying Qu Yuan can be found.