儿童原发性膜性肾病相关靶抗原及补体途径研究进展
Research Progress on Target Antigens and Complement Pathways Related to Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy in Children
DOI: 10.12677/ACM.2023.13122871, PDF,   
作者: 沙亚·努尔克勒得:新疆医科大学研究生院,新疆 乌鲁木齐;白 玲*:新疆维吾尔自治区儿童医院肾病风湿科,新疆 乌鲁木齐
关键词: 原发性膜性肾病儿童靶抗原补体Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy Children Target Antigen Complement
摘要: 原发性膜性肾病(Idoipathic membranous nephropathy, IMN)是一种慢性肾小球疾病。IMN是成人膜性肾病常见病理类型,儿童较罕见,近几年儿童IMN发病率逐渐升高。儿童IMN无明确的病因,且发病机制复杂。本文就对儿童原发性膜性肾病相关靶抗原及补体途径进行综述,旨在提高临床医生对其见解。
Abstract: Idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN), is a kind of chronic glomerular disease. IMN is a com-mon type of adult membranous nephropathy, and it is rare in children. In recent years, the inci-dence of IMN in children has gradually increased. There is no clear etiology of IMN in children, and the pathogenesis is complex. This article reviews the target antigens and complement pathways associated with primary membranous nephropathy in children, in order to improve the clinician’s understanding of them.
文章引用:沙亚·努尔克勒得, 白玲. 儿童原发性膜性肾病相关靶抗原及补体途径研究进展[J]. 临床医学进展, 2023, 13(12): 20386-20393. https://doi.org/10.12677/ACM.2023.13122871

参考文献

[1] Sethi, S. (2021) New ‘Antigens’ in Membranous Nephropathy. Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, 32, 268-278. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef
[2] Menon, S. and Valentini, R.P. (2010) Membranous Nephropathy in Children: Clinical Presentation and Therapeutic Approach. Pediatric Nephrology, 25, 1419-1428. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[3] Couser, W.G. (2017) Primary Membranous Nephropathy. Clini-cal Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, 12, 983-997. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef
[4] McQuarrie, E.P., Mackinnon, B., Stewart, G.A. and Geddes, C.C. (2010) Membranous Nephropathy Remains the Commonest Primary Cause of Nephrotic Syndrome in a Northern Euro-pean Caucasian Population. Nephrology, Dialysis, Transplantation, 25, 1009-1010. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[5] Safar-Boueri, L., Piya, A., Beck Jr., L.H. and Ayalon, R. (2021) Membra-nous Nephropathy: Diagnosis, Treatment, and Monitoring in the Post-PLA2R Era. Pediatric Nephrology, 36, 19-30. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[6] 王忍. 儿童原发性膜性肾病研究进展[J]. 临床儿科杂志, 2021, 39(7): 549-552.
[7] Fidan, K., Isik Gonul, I., Büyükkaragöz, B., Isiyel, E., Arinsoy, T. and Soylemezoglu, O. (2016) Changing Trends in Pediatric Renal Biopsies: Analysis of Pediatric Renal Biopsies in National Nephrology Reg-istry Data. Renal Failure, 38, 1228-1233. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef
[8] Zhang, X.D., Cui, Z. and Zhao, M.H. (2018) The Genetic and Environmental Factors of Primary Membranous Nephropathy: An Overview from China. Kidney Diseases, 4, 65-73. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[9] Zhu, P., Zhou, F.D., Wang, S.X., Zhao, M.H. and Wang, H.Y. (2015) Increasing Frequency of Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy in Primary Glomer-ular Disease: A 10-Year Renal Biopsy Study from a Single Chinese Nephrology Centre. Nephrology, 20, 560-566. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[10] Nie, S., He, W., Huang, T., Liu, D., Wang, G., Geng, J., Chen, N., Xu, G., Zhang, P., Luo, Y., et al. (2018) The Spectrum of Biopsy-Proven Glomerular Diseases among Children in China: A Na-tional, Cross-Sectional Survey. Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, 13, 1047-1054. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef
[11] Beck Jr., L.H. and Salant, D.J. (2010) Membranous Nephropathy: Recent Travels and New Roads Ahead. Kidney International, 77, 765-770. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[12] Nagata, M. (2016) Podocyte Injury and Its Consequences. Kidney Interna-tional, 89, 1221-1230. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[13] Beck Jr., L.H., Bonegio, R.G., Lambeau, G., Beck, D.M., Powell, D.W., Cummins, T.D., Klein, J.B. and Salant, D.J. (2009) M-Type Phospholipase A2 Receptor as Target Antigen in Idi-opathic Membranous Nephropathy. The New England Journal of Medicine, 361, 11-21. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef
[14] Akiyama, S., Akiyama, M., Imai, E., Ozaki, T., Matsuo, S. and Maruyama, S. (2015) Prevalence of Anti-Phospholipase A2 Receptor Antibodies in Japanese Patients with Membranous Nephropathy. Clinical and Experimental Nephrology, 19, 653-660. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[15] Du, Y., Li, J., He, F., Lv, Y., Liu, W., Wu, P., Huang, J., Wei, S. and Gao, H. (2014) The Diagnosis Accuracy of PLA2R-AB in the Diagnosis of Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy: A Meta-Analysis. PLOS ONE, 9, e104936. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[16] Bech, A.P., Hofstra, J.M., Brenchley, P.E. and Wetzels, J.F. (2014) Association of anti-PLA2R Antibodies with Outcomes after Immunosuppressive Therapy in Idiopathic Membra-nous Nephropathy. Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, 9, 1386-1392. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef
[17] Zhang, Q., Huang, B., Liu, X., Liu, B., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Z., Hua, J., Fan, Y., Hu, L., Meng, M., et al. (2017) Ultrasensitive Quantitation of Anti-Phospholipase A2 Receptor Antibody as A Diagnostic and Prognostic Indicator of Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy. Scientific Reports, 7, Article No. 12049. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[18] Cossey, L.N., Walker, P.D. and Larsen, C.P. (2013) Phospho-lipase A2 Receptor Staining in Pediatric Idiopathic Membranous Glomerulopathy. Pediatric Nephrology, 28, 2307-2311. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[19] Zhang, D., Wu, Y., Zhang, C., Zhang, W., Zou, J. and Jiang, G. (2019) Compared Staining of the Phospholipase A2 Receptor in the Glomeruli of Chinese Adults and Children with Idi-opathic Membranous Nephropathy. Pathology, Research and Practice, 215, 952-956. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[20] Ramachandran, R., Nayak, S., Kumar, V., Kumar, A., Agrawal, N., Bansal, R., Tiewsoh, K., Nada, R., Rathi, M. and Kohli, H.S. (2021) Primary Membranous Nephropathy in Children and Adolescents: A Single-Centre Report from South Asia. Pediatric Nephrology, 36, 1217-1226. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[21] Tomas, N.M., Beck Jr., L.H., Meyer-Schwesinger, C., Seitz-Polski, B., Ma, H., Zahner, G., Dolla, G., Hoxha, E., Helmchen, U., Dabert-Gay, A.S., et al. (2014) Thrombos-pondin Type-1 Domain-Containing 7A in Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy. The New England Journal of Medicine, 371, 2277-2287. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef
[22] Iwakura, T., Ohashi, N., Kato, A., Baba, S. and Yasuda, H. (2015) Prevalence of Enhanced Granular Expression of Thrombospondin Type-1 Domain-Containing 7A in the Glomeruli of Japanese Patients with Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy. PLOS ONE, 10, e0138841. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[23] Hoxha, E., Beck Jr., L.H., Wiech, T., Tomas, N.M., Probst, C., Mindorf, S., Meyer-Schwesinger, C., Zahner, G., Stahl, P.R., Schöpper, R., et al. (2017) An Indirect Immunofluores-cence Method Facilitates Detection of Thrombospondin Type 1 Domain-Containing 7A-Specific Antibodies in Membra-nous Nephropathy. Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, 28, 520-531. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef
[24] Wang, J., Cui, Z., Lu, J., Probst, C., Zhang, Y.M., Wang, X., Qu, Z., Wang, F., Meng, L.Q., Cheng, X.Y., et al. (2017) Circulating Antibodies against Thrombospondin Type-I Do-main-Containing 7A in Chinese Patients with Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy. Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, 12, 1642-1651. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef
[25] Subramanian, P., Kumar, H., Tiwari, B., Barwad, A., Bagchi, S., Bag-ga, A., Agarwal, S.K., Dinda, A.K. and Singh, G. (2020) Profile of Indian Patients with Membranous Nephropathy. Kidney International Reports, 5, 1551-1557. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[26] Zaghrini, C., Seitz-Polski, B., Justino, J., Dolla, G., Payré, C., Jourde-Chiche, N., Van de Logt, A.E., Booth, C., Rigby, E., Lonnbro-Widgren, J., et al. (2019) Novel ELISA for Thrombospondin Type 1 Domain-Containing 7A Autoantibodies in Membranous Nephropathy. Kidney International, 95, 666-679. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[27] Nortier, J.L., Debiec, H., Tournay, Y., Mougenot, B., Nöel, J.C., Deschodt-Lanckman, M.M., Janssen, F. and Ronco, P. (2006) Neonatal Disease in Neutral Endopeptidase Alloimmunization: Lessons for Immunological Monitoring. Pediatric Nephrology, 21, 1399-1405. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[28] Debiec, H., Guigonis, V., Mougenot, B., Decobert, F., Haymann, J.P., Bensman, A., Deschênes, G. and Ronco, P.M. (2002) Antenatal Membranous Glomerulonephritis Due to An-ti-Neutral Endopeptidase Antibodies. The New England Journal of Medicine, 346, 2053-2060. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef
[29] Vivarelli, M., Emma, F., Pellé, T., Gerken, C., Pedicelli, S., Dio-medi-Camassei, F., Klaus, G., Waldegger, S., Ronco, P. and Debiec, H. (2015) Genetic Homogeneity But IgG Sub-class-Dependent Clinical Variability of Alloimmune Membranous Nephropathy with Anti-Neutral Endopeptidase Anti-bodies. Kidney International, 87, 602-609. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[30] Debiec, H., Lefeu, F., Kemper, M.J., Niaudet, P., Deschênes, G., Remuzzi, G., Ulinski, T. and Ronco, P. (2011) Early-Childhood Membranous Nephropathy due to Cationic Bovine Serum Albu-min. The New England Journal of Medicine, 364, 2101-2110. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef
[31] Stahl, R.A., Reinhard, L. and Hoxha, E. (2019) Characterization of Autoantibodies in Primary Membranous Nephropathy and Their Clinical Significance. Expert Review of Clinical Immunology, 15, 165-175. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef
[32] Guan, F., Villegas, G., Teichman, J., Mundel, P. and Tufro, A. (2006) Autocrine Class 3 Semaphorin System Regulates Slit Diaphragm Proteins and Podocyte Survival. Kidney In-ternational, 69, 1564-1569. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[33] Tapia, R., Guan, F., Gershin, I., Teichman, J., Villegas, G. and Tufro, A. (2008) Semaphorin3a Disrupts Podocyte Foot Processes Causing Acute Proteinuria. Kidney International, 73, 733-740. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[34] Huang, G., Liu, F., Yu, L., Wang, J., Chen, J. and Mao, J. (2022) Pedi-atric Membranous Nephropathy: In the Novel Antigens Era. Frontiers in Immunology, 13, Article 962502. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[35] Sethi, S., Debiec, H., Madden, B., Vivarelli, M., Charlesworth, M.C., Ravindran, A., Gross, L., Ulinski, T., Buob, D., Tran, C.L., et al. (2020) Semaphorin 3B-Associated Membranous Nephropathy Is a Distinct Type of Disease Predominantly Present in Pediatric Patients. Kidney International, 98, 1253-1264. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[36] Sethi, S., Madden, B.J., Debiec, H., Charlesworth, M.C., Gross, L., Ravindran, A., Hummel, A.M., Specks, U., Fervenza, F.C. and Ronco, P. (2019) Exostosin 1/Exostosin 2-Associated Membranous Nephropathy. Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, 30, 1123-1136. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef
[37] Conigliaro, P., Triggianese, P., Ballanti, E., Perricone, C., Perricone, R. and Chimenti, M.S. (2019) Complement, Infection, and Autoimmunity. Current Opinion in Rheumatology, 31, 532-541. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef
[38] Mathern, D.R. and Heeger, P.S. (2015) Molecules Great and Small: The Complement System. Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, 10, 1636-1650. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef
[39] Ma, H., Sandor, D.G. and Beck Jr., L.H. (2013) The Role of Com-plement in Membranous Nephropathy. Seminars in Nephrology, 33, 531-542. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[40] 王忍, 王美秋, 高春林, 等. 伴C1q沉积的儿童原发性膜性肾病的临床特点及预后[J]. 中华实用儿科临床杂志, 2021, 36(21): 1610-1613.
[41] Wang, Z., Wen, L., Dou, Y. and Zhao, Z. (2018) Human Anti-Thrombospondin Type 1 Domain-Containing 7A Antibodies Induce Membranous Nephropathy through Activation of Lectin Complement Pathway. Bioscience Reports, 38, BSR20180131. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef
[42] Yang, Y., Wang, C., Jin, L., He, F., Li, C., Gao, Q., Chen, G., He, Z., Song, M., Zhou, Z., et al. (2016) IgG4 Anti-Phospholipase A2 Receptor Might Activate Lectin and Alternative Comple-ment Pathway Meanwhile in Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy: An Inspiration from a Cross-Sectional Study. Im-munologic Research, 64, 919-930. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[43] Zhang, Y., Liu, Y., Liang, L., Liu, L., Tang, X., Tang, L., Chen, P., Chen, J., Wang, Z., Cao, W., et al. (2020) Effect of Glomerular Mannose-Binding Lectin Deposition on the Prognosis of Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy. Kidney & Blood Pressure Research, 45, 713-726. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[44] 白玲. PLA2R抗原抗体水平在儿童特发性膜性肾病诊治及预后的研究[D]: [博士学位论文]. 乌鲁木齐: 新疆医科大学, 2020.
[45] Bally, S., Debiec, H., Ponard, D., Dijoud, F., Rendu, J., Fauré, J., Ronco, P. and Dumestre-Perard, C. (2016) Phospholipase A2 Receptor-Related Membranous Nephropathy and Mannan-Binding Lectin Deficiency. Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, 27, 3539-3544. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef
[46] Luo, W., Olaru, F., Miner, J.H., Beck Jr., L.H., van der Vlag, J., Thurman, J.M. and Borza, D.B. (2018) Alternative Pathway Is Essential for Glomerular Complement Activation and Proteinuria in a Mouse Model of Membranous Nephropathy. Frontiers in Immunology, 9, Article 1433. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[47] Kagaya, Y., Hayashi, N., Fujimoto, K., Adachi, H., Furuichi, K. and Yokoyama, H. (2021) Association between Anti-Complement Factor H Antibodies and Renal Outcome in Primary Membranous Nephropathy. Clinical Nephrology, 96, 82-89. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef