张东荪论孔子思想及其现代价值

Chang Tung-Sun Discusses on Confucius’ Thought and Its Modern Values

摘要: 在“九一八”的现实冲击下，张东荪转而从儒家哲学中寻求建立“民族国家”的文化基础。基于此，他从中西文化比较中批评了当时“全盘西化”派和“整理国故”运动。张东荪认为孔子思想在现代社会仍具有文化、政治、社会三层作用：在文化上是区别于西方文化的带有中国印记的文化符号；在政治上，孔子所提倡的政治精神适用于任何的政体；在社会上，维护社会凝聚力和提升民众道德仍可借鉴孔子思想。孔子赋予“士”阶级的使命正可在此三个层面继续发挥作用并随时代而有所调整。

Abstract: Under the realistic impact of the September 18th Incident, Chang Tung-Sun sought to establish the cultural foundation of “nation state” from Confucian philosophy. Based on this, he criticized the “total westernization” faction and the movement of “sorting out national traditions” from the comparison of Chinese and Western cultures. Chang Tung-Sun believes that Confucius thought still plays three roles of culture, politics and society in modern society: Culturally, it is a cultural symbol with Chinese imprint that is different from western culture; in politics, the political spirit advocated by Confucius is applicable to any political system; in society, maintaining social cohesion and improving public morality can still be borrowed from Confucius thought. The mission entrusted by Confucius to the “scholar” class can continue to play a role in these three levels and adjust somewhat with the Times.