地窝堡国际机场一次连续雷雨大风天气浅析

Analysis of a Continuous Thunderstorm and Strong Wind at Diwopu International Airport

摘要: 本文利用FNL再分资料、乌鲁木齐机场雷达、激光风廓线雷达等多种资料对2022年7月24日乌鲁木齐机场一次连续雷暴大风天气的成因进行分析。结果表明：(1) 500 hPa低涡底部多短波活动，低层有风速的辐合、风向的切变和地形的抬升作用，加上地面冷高压控制的高低层配置，造成了伊犁河谷、北疆沿天山一带的雷雨，局地大风等天气。(2) 随着偏西引导气流，北疆西部地区的对流云团在东移过程中不断在北疆沿天山一带激发新的对流云并不断加强，先后覆盖乌鲁木齐机场两次，并且第二次雷达回波强度更强，径向速度更大，造成第二次雷雨过程中出现大风天气。(3) 就本次天气来说，激光雷达风廓线风的监测对本场强对流的出现有20分钟提前量。(4) 低层水汽主要沿偏西和西北路径输送至北疆西部、天山山区及其两侧。相较而言，第二次雷雨的水汽条件略好于第一次，且动力条件上第二次雷雨的上升运动区高度也更高、强度更强，因此伴随的天气现象也更强。

Abstract: In this paper, the causes of a continuous thunderstorm on July 24, 2022 at Urumqi Airport are analyzed by using FNL subdivision data, Doppler Radar and Lidar at Urumqi Airport. The results show that: (1) Many shortwave activities at the bottom of 500 hPa Vortex, wind speed convergence, wind direction shear and topography uplift at the lower layer, and the configuration of high and low layer controlled by cold high pressure at the surface, caused thunderstorms and local strong winds in the Yili River valley and along the northern of Tian Shan. (2) With the westerly leading air current, the convective cloud clusters in the western part of northern Xinjiang continuously stimulated and strengthened new convective clouds along the Tian Shan during the eastward movement. Covering the Urumqi Airport twice in succession, and the second radar echo intensity is stronger, the radial velocity is bigger, causing the second thunderstorm in the process of gale weather. (3) For this weather, Lidar wind profile wind monitoring has a 20-minute lead time for the appearance of strong convection in this field. (4) The low-level water vapor mainly transports to the western part of northern Xinjiang, the Tian Shan mountainous and its two sides along the westward and northwest paths. The water vapor condition of the second thunderstorm is slightly better than that of the first, and the ascending motion area of the second thunderstorm is higher and stronger, so the accompanying weather phenomenon is stronger.