苯乙烯型轴手性化合物的合成研究进展

Research Progress in the Synthesis of Styrene Type Axial Chiral Compounds

摘要: 轴手性结构广泛用于天然产物、药物和功能分子材料中，并在不对称催化领域中用作手性配体和催化剂的优势骨架。在过去十几年里，合成化学家们发展了一系列高效的合成策略用以构建不同的轴手性骨架。然而，相对于大量文献报道联芳基轴手性化合物，苯乙烯型轴手性化合物的合成研究进展却相对滞缓。主要的原因可能是其相对更低的阻旋能垒使得相关结构稳定性较低，以及烯烃结构单元在反应过程中所带来的E，Z-选择性问题等。近些年来，受益于有机催化，过渡族金属催化的不对称反应学的快速发展，涌现出了不少构建联芳烃轴手性化合物的新方法，是得相关领域的发展进入到了一种新的局面。鉴于此，本文将系统的从炔的官能团化、不对称C-H键活化官能化反应、过渡金属催化的不对称交叉偶联反应等方面介绍近几年关于苯乙烯型轴手性化合物的合成研究进展。

Abstract: The axial chiral structure is widely used in natural products, drugs, and functional molecular materials, and serves as a dominant backbone for chiral ligands and catalysts in the field of asymmetric catalysis. In the past decade or so, synthetic chemists have developed a series of efficient synthesis strategies to construct different axial chiral frameworks. However, compared to a large number of literature reports on biaryl axis chiral compounds, the research progress in the synthesis of styrene type axis chiral compounds is relatively slow. The main reason may be that its relatively lower spin barrier reduces the stability of the related structures, as well as the E, Z-selectivity issues caused by the olefin structural units during the reaction process. In recent years, with the rapid development of asymmetric reactions catalyzed by organic catalysis and transition metal catalysis, many new methods for constructing chiral compounds with aromatic axis have emerged, leading to a new phase in the development of related fields. In view of this, this article will systematically introduce the research progress in the synthesis of styrene based chiral compounds in recent years, including functionalization of alkynes, asymmetric C-H bond activation functionalization reactions, and asymmetric cross coupling reactions catalyzed by transition metals.