近30年来绥化市土地利用类型动态变化分析

Analysis on Dynamic Change of Land Use Types in Suihua City in Recent 30 Years

摘要: 本文应用绥化市1990年，2005年，2020年的三期遥感影像，分析了近三十年绥化市土地利用类型动态变化情况，分析结果表明：从1990年到2020年，绥化市的土地利用类型主要可以划分为：耕地、林地、草地、城镇和水体，由于受到自然因素和人为因素的影响，绥化市的土地利用类型产生明显动态变化:耕地面积大幅度减少，林地和水体的面积在近30年内没有大幅变化，且空间分布也未有明显的改变；城镇面积有一个明显的增加趋势，且增加的速度很快；草地的面积有一个小幅度增加。从土地利用类型的相互转移角度来看，绥化市近30年间的土地利用类型也发生了一些转化：耕地的面积明显缩小，城镇面积明显扩大，而且城镇面积扩大的速度很快，其余土地利用类型的面积也有变动，但变化幅度不大。本研究主要是为了更好地了解绥化市的土地利用现状，从而使土地利用更加合理，节约和整合土地资源，科学制订土地利用布局，实现经济、社会、生态的全面优化，进而促进绥化市经济社会健康发展。

Abstract: This article applies three remote sensing images of Suihua City from 1990, 2005, and 2020, and analyzes the changes of land use types in Suihua City in recent 30 years. The results show that: from 1990 to 2020, the main land use types in Suihua City are: cultivated land, woodland, grassland, town and water body. Due to the influence of some natural and human factors, a series of changes have taken place in the types of land use in the past 30 years. The area of cultivated land has decreased significantly, but the woodland area and water area have not changed significant-ly, and the spatial distribution has not changed significantly; the area of urban has an obvious increasing trend, and the increasing speed is very fast; the area of grassland has a small increase. From the perspective of mutual transfer of land use types, the land use types of Suihua City have also undergone some transformation in the past 30 years: the area of cultivated land has decreased significantly, the area of cities and towns has expanded significantly, and the urban area has expanded rapidly, and the area of other land use types has also changed, but the change range is not large. This study is mainly to better understand the current situation of land use in Suihua City, so as to make land use more reasonable, save and integrate land resources, scientifically formulate land use layout, realize the comprehensive optimization of economy, society and ecology, and then promote the healthy development of economy and society in Suihua City.