安徽省金寨县长江河河水水文地球化学特征及水质评价

Hydrogeochemical Characteristics and Water Quality Evaluation of the Changjianghe River in Jinzhai County, Anhui Province

摘要: 为了解掌握安徽省金寨县长江河河水的水文地球化学特征及水质情况，根据金寨县长江河22组河水水样，运用Piper图、Gibbs图及数据分析等方法，研究分析了金寨县长江河河水的水化学特征与类型及水岩作用等。并结合《饮用水卫生标准》(GB5749-2006)，综合评价研究区的水质条件。研究结果显示表明：长江河河水的水化学类型主要为HCO₃-Ca型，pH值范围为6.57~9.28，属于弱碱性水，TDS值为42.281~120.008 mg∙L⁻¹，平均值为78.524 mg∙L⁻¹，属于淡水。阴阳离子浓度平均值依次为HCO₃^- > Ca²⁺ >SO₄^2- > Na⁺ > Cl⁻ > Mg²⁺ > K⁺。研究区水质基本符合饮用条件，且与灌溉要求相符，运用研究区水样进行灌溉不会对土样和农作物产生盐渍化与碱害等不良影响。

Abstract: In order to master and understand the hydrogeochemical characteristics and water quality of the Changjianghe River in Jinzhai County, Anhui Province, according to the 22 groups of river water samples of the Changjianghe River in Jinzhai County, the water chemistry characteristics and types and water-rock interaction of the Changjianghe River in Jinzhai County were studied and analyzed by using Piper three-line diagram, Gibbs diagram and data analysis. Combined with the “Standard for Drinking Water Quality” (GB5749-2006), the water quality conditions in the study area were comprehensively evaluated. The results show that the hydrochemical type of the Changjianghe River is mainly HCO₃-Ca type, the pH value range is 6.57~9.28, which belongs to weakly alkaline water, the TDS value is 42.281~120.008 mg∙L⁻¹, the average value is 78.524 mg∙L⁻¹, which belongs to fresh water. The average concentrations of anions and cations were in the order of HCO₃^- > Ca²⁺ >SO₄^2- > Na⁺ > Cl⁻ > Mg²⁺ > K⁺. The water quality in the study area basically meets the drinking conditions and consistent with irrigation conditions. Irrigation with water in the study area will not cause adverse effects such as salinization and alkali damage to soil samples and crops.