民法典背景下特殊动产物权变动规则的再质疑

Re-Questioning the Rules of Property Right Change of Special Movables under the Background of the Civil Code

摘要: 我国《民法典》沿袭了《物权法》关于特殊动产物权变动的规则，采交付生效及登记对抗模式，不仅独立于一般动产的物权变动，也独立于域外国家为特殊动产物权变动所设计的规则。我国特殊动产物权变动采双重要件是割裂物权公示效力的做法，忽视作为公示方法的交付与登记不兼容之逻辑，结果是破坏物债二分体系，冲击物权公示公信原则。现行法下，处理物之无权处分，特殊动产登记对抗规则可为善意取得制度取代，于物之有权处分，已有担保物权顺位规则替代特殊动产登记对抗规则的适用。民法典时代充斥着矛盾冲突的特殊动产物权变动规则早已无独立存在及适用的必要性。

Abstract: China’s “Civil Code” follows the rules of the “Property Law” on the change of special movable property rights, and adopts the mode of delivery and registration confrontation, which is not only independent of the change of general movable property rights, but also independent of the rules designed by foreign countries for the change of special movable property rights. The double important parts of the change of special movable property rights in China are the practice of separating the publicity effect of property rights, ignoring the logic of incompatibility between delivery and registration as a publicity method. The result is to destroy the dichotomy system of property and debt and impact the principle of publicity and public trust of property rights. Under the current law, the unauthorized disposal of the property, the special movable property registration confrontation rule can be replaced by the bona fide acquisition system, and the right to dispose of the property, the existing security interest sequence rule replaces the application of the special movable property registration confrontation rule. In the era of civil code, the rules of real right change of special movable property, which are full of contradictions and conflicts, have no independent existence and the necessity of application.