我国合适成年人制度现状的反思

Reflections on the Status of China’s Appropriate Adult System

摘要: 合适成年人制度在近十年的司法实践中，存在较大的形式化问题。合适成年人制度的基础是儿童本位的最大利益原则以及国家亲权理论，办案理念中应将儿童利益放在首位。《刑事诉讼法》第281条既规定了合适成年人制度，也体现监护人在场制度。应赋予合适成年人知情权、异议控告权等权利，建立起选任和培训机制，应当通知合适成年人到场参与讯问并排除合适成年人缺位时的言词证据，以最大程度保护未成年人诉讼权利，解决目前的实践困境。

Abstract: The appropriate adult system has suffered from greater formalization in judicial practice in the last decade. The appropriate adult system is based on the principle of the best interests of the child as well as the theory of parental authority of the state, and the interests of the child should be given priority in the philosophy of handling cases. Article 281 of the “Criminal Procedure Law” provides for both the appropriate adult system and the guardianship presence system. Appropriate adults should be given the right to know, the right to object to charges, and other rights, and a mechanism for selection and training should be established. Appropriate adults should be notified of their presence to participate in interrogations and exclude verbal evidence in the absence of appropriate adults to maximiz e the protection of minors’ litigation rights and solve the current practical dilemma.