破产下一般保证人的保证责任研究

Research on the Guarantee Liability of General Guarantors under Bankruptcy

摘要: 商事担保与民事担保虽然存在一定差异，但我国现行法下并未增设商事担保制度的特别规定，担保体系仍采统一规制的立法模式，故在实体规范上商主体的担保行为仍应适用一般民事担保规则。但因破产程序中保证债权具有复杂性和特殊性，应对一般民事担保规则的适用进行限制甚至排除。本文立足于民法典担保体系与破产法制度的协调发展，从债务人破产、保证人破产、债务人和保证人均破产的三种情形分别展开分析一般保证人的保证责任范围，主要涉及破产中保证期间和先诉抗辩权的规则适用问题。

Abstract: Although there are some differences between commercial guarantee and civil guarantee, there is no special provision for commercial guarantee system under the current law institutions of our country, and the guarantee system still adopts the legislative mode of unified regulation, so the guarantee behavior of commercial entities should still apply the general civil guarantee rules. However, due to the complexity and particularity of creditor’s rights in bankruptcy proceedings, the application of general civil security rules should be limited or even excluded. Based on the coordinated development of civil code guarantee system and bankruptcy law system, this paper analyzes the scope of guarantee liability of general guarantors respectively from three situations: debtor bankruptcy, guarantor bankruptcy, debtor and guarantor bankruptcy, mainly involving the guarantee period and the application of the rule of first appeal defense in bankruptcy.