肩关节前脱位的治疗进展及展望

Progress and Prospect in the Treatment of Anterior Dislocation of Shoulder

摘要: 目的：对近年来肩关节前脱位的研究进展进行综述，以期为肩关节前脱位治疗的临床决策提供依据。方法：广泛查阅近年来国内外肩关节前脱位相关文献，从手法复位、切开复位到关节镜下复位等方法进行总结。结果：为减轻患者疼痛，改善上肢功能，提高生活质量，肩关节脱位治疗经历从手法复位向开放式手术到关节镜下修复术的重要转变，关节镜下修复成为临床治疗的主流方向。结论：尽早进行关节镜下手术是治疗肩关节前脱位的关键，如患者采取手法复位应当外旋位固定，Bankart修复术治疗仍能取得良好疗效，存在巨大缺损可选用移植物填塞重建。

Abstract: Objective: To review the research progress of anterior shoulder dislocation in recent years, in order to provide basis for clinical decision-making in the treatment of anterior shoulder dislocation. Methods: The literatures related to anterior shoulder dislocation at home and abroad in recent years were widely reviewed and summarized from manual reduction, open reduction to arthro-scopic reduction and so on. Results: In order to relieve pain, improve upper limb function and im-prove quality of life, the treatment of shoulder dislocation has experienced an important transfor-mation from manual reduction to open surgery to arthroscopic repair, and arthroscopic repair has become the mainstream of clinical treatment. Conclusion: Arthroscopic surgery as early as possible is the key to the treatment of anterior dislocation of shoulder joint. If patients adopt manual reduc-tion and external rotation fixation, Bankart repair can still achieve good results. If there are huge defects, graft packing can be used for reconstruction.