对话式人工智能的法律风险及其系统性治理

The Legal Risks of Conversational Artificial Intelligence and Its Systematic Governance

摘要: 数字时代，随着算法的飞速发展，以ChatGPT为代表的对话式人工智能达到了新的技术高度。基于对话式人工智能的基础性与通用性，其被广泛应用于各行各业，与此同时，它也带来了关于数据保护与隐私泄漏、知识产权侵权与垄断、法律责任的承担等法律风险。对这些法律风险的认知与分析要求我们深入到自然语言的生成机制之中寻求解决之道。通过此种分析将会发现，由于对话式人工智能本身具有的高技术性与应用的多样性，仅凭现有的法律难以对其所带来的法律风险形成全面性治理，因此，一种合理的方案是以技术方案作为优先解决手段，并以技术伦理原则作为治理的基本理念，同时注重法律规则作为底线的保障作用，形成多维度治理的合力，对其所产生的风险进行系统性治理。

Abstract: In the digital age, with the rapid development of algorithms, conversational artificial intelligence represented by ChatGPT has reached a new technical height. Based on the foundation and versatility of conversational artificial intelligence, it is widely used in all walks of life, at the same time, it also brings about data protection and privacy leakage, intellectual property rights infringement and monopoly, legal liability and other legal risks. The cognition and analysis of these legal risks require us to go deep into the generation mechanism of natural language to seek solutions. Through this analysis, it will be found that due to the high technicality of conversational artificial intelligence itself and the diversity of applications, it is difficult to form a comprehensive management of the legal risks brought by conversational artificial intelligence only by existing laws. Therefore, a reasonable solution is to take technical solutions as the priority solution, and take technical ethical principles as the basic idea of governance. At the same time, we should pay attention to the protection role of legal rules as the bottom line, form the joint force of multidimensional governance, and systematically manage the risks generated by it.