干旱风沙土灌区灌溉生产力分析

Analysis of Irrigation Productivity in Arid Sandy Soil Irrigation Areas

摘要: 为探究干旱风沙土灌区不同灌溉模式条件下灌溉生产力效应，本文基于和田灌区采用投入产出及灌溉技术指标分析，结果表明：1) 灌区常规灌溉方式的人均耕地、化肥施量、灌溉用水量、微灌总灌面占比、播种面积农机动力投入对产出均呈正效应，其中灌溉用水效应偏低，说明常规灌用水效率低尚有节水空间。2) 由常规灌溉方式向滴灌节水转变，用水定额具有22%以上节省潜力。3) 滴灌方式投入因素对增产影响大小为：灌溉水利用系数 > 微灌总灌面积占比 > 播种面积农机动力。提高灌溉水利用系数扩大滴灌应用规模、巩固完善农机管理，是推进风沙土灌区灌溉水资源高效利用的重要支撑。

Abstract: To explore the effects of irrigation productivity under different irrigation modes in arid sandy soil irrigation areas, this article analyzes the input-output and irrigation technology indicators used in Hotan irrigation area. The results show that: 1) the per capita arable land, fertilizer application, irrigation water consumption, proportion of total micro irrigation area, and planting area of conventional irrigation methods in the irrigation area have a positive effect on output, with low irrigation water effect, This indicates that conventional irrigation has low water efficiency and there is still room for water conservation. 2) Transforming from conventional irrigation methods to drip irrigation for water-saving, the water quota has the potential to save more than 22%. 3) The impact of drip irrigation input factors on yield increase is as follows: irrigation water utilization coefficient > proportion of micro irrigation total irrigation area > sowing area agricultural machinery power. Improving the irrigation water utilization coefficient, expanding the scale of drip irrigation application, and consolidating and improving agricultural machinery management are important support for promoting the efficient utilization of irrigation water resources in sandy soil irrigation areas.