海口探空风向风速时空分布特征分析

Spatial-Temporal Distribution Analysis of Wind Direction and Wind Speed in Haikou Based on Radiosonde Observation Data

摘要: 本文采用2018年海口站每日两次(00:00 UTC和12:00 UTC)的NOAA/ESRL无线电高空探测资料，分析了海口站2018年五个高度层的(500 hPa、700 hPa、850 hPa、925 hPa、地面)风速风向的变化情况以及发展特征。依据不同的分类标准，分别对风速、风向在全年、不同季节、不同月份这三个时间尺度下对风速、风向分布情况进行了统计分析，对比了在昼夜情况下的差异情况。探讨了海口站从500 hPa等压面到地面的风速风向的时空分布特征。分析结果表明：1) 海口站的风速、风向分布在垂直方向上存在明显差异，在风向风速的季节变化受季风影响显著。2) 海口站的风速风向的变化存在周期性，变化周期与南海夏季风的爆发与消退时间同步。

Abstract: This paper analyzes the changes and development characteristics of the wind speed and direction at five altitude levels (500 hPa, 700 hPa, 850 hPa, 925 hPa, surface) in Haikou Station in 2018 by using NOAA/ESRL radio high-altitude data from Haikou Station twice a day (00:00 UTC and 12:00 UTC). According to different classification standards, the paper makes a statistical analysis of the distribution of wind speed and direction under three times scales (year, season, month) of wind speed and direction, and compares the difference between day and night. And the paper discusses the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of the wind speed and direction from the 500 hPa isobaric surface to the ground at Haikou Station. The analysis results show that: 1) The distri-bution of wind speed and direction in Haikou is obviously different in the vertical direction, and the seasonal changes in wind direction and wind speed are significantly affected by the monsoon. 2) The change of wind speed and direction in Haikou has periodicity, and the change time is synchronized with the onset and regression time of the South China Sea summer monsoon.