纤维蛋白原和红细胞分布宽度与小儿川崎病的相关性研究

The Correlation between Fibrinogen and Red Blood Cell Distribution Width and Kawasaki Disease in Children

摘要: 川崎病(Kawasaki disease, KD)是一种主要发生于5岁以内婴幼儿，以全身性中、小动脉炎为主要病变的急性发热性出疹性疾病，极易累及心血管系统，已成为儿童获得性心脏病的主要病因。既往流行病学调查结果表面，我国KD发病有逐年增多趋势，但其病因及发病机制至今仍未完全清楚，并且缺乏特异性实验室检测指标，KD主要依靠临床表现进行诊断，易被误诊或漏诊，贻误最佳治疗时机，增高冠状动脉损伤(CAL)等并发症的发生风险。因此，寻找检测简便、准确率高的实验室指标用于辅助KD早期诊断以提高患儿预后极具临床意义。已有研究表明，纤维蛋白原(Fibrinogen, FIB)和红细胞分布宽度(red blood cell distribution width, RDW)均参与了KD患儿机体炎症反应过程，但两者联合检测在KD患儿中的临床意义报道较少，现将FIB和RDW与小儿KD的相关性研究进行分析和总结，为临床KD患儿的早发现、早治疗，改善远期预后提供重要参考价值。

Abstract: Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute febrile eruptive disease that mainly occurs in infants and young children under the age of 5, with systemic arteritis as the main lesion. It is highly susceptible to af-fecting the cardiovascular system and has become the main cause of acquired heart disease in chil-dren. Previous epidemiological investigations have shown that the incidence of KD in China has been increasing year by year, but its etiology and pathogenesis are still not fully understood, and there is a lack of specific laboratory testing indicators. KD mainly relies on clinical manifestations for diagnosis, which is prone to misdiagnosis or missed diagnosis, delaying the optimal treatment opportunity, and increasing the risk of complications such as coronary artery injury (CAL). There-fore, it is of great clinical significance to search for laboratory indicators with simple detection and high accuracy to assist in the early diagnosis of KD and improve the prognosis of children. Previous studies have shown that both fibrinogen (FIB) and red blood cell distribution width (RDW) are in-volved in the inflammatory response process in children with KD. However, there are few reports on the clinical significance of the combined detection of FIB and RDW in children with KD. Now, the correlation between FIB and RDW and pediatric KD is analyzed and summarized, providing im-portant reference value for early detection, treatment, and improvement of long-term prognosis in clinical KD patients.