中小学研学旅行教学生活化：价值、困境与解困——基于陶行知生活教育思想

Lifestyle Teaching of Study Tours in Primary and Secondary Schools: Values, Challenges, and Solutions—Based on Tao Xingzhi’s Life Oriented Education Thoughts

摘要: 中小学研学旅行是学校教育与校外教育相衔接的一种新型综合实践活动课程。自研学旅行纳入中小学教育教学计划以来，研学旅行成为中小学必修课程。研学课程理念指向学生的真实生活，蕴含关注个体生命生长、整合校内外教育资源、创建良性教学生态圈等教育意义。但是在实际教学过程中，研学活动呈现出研学表征浅层化、教学过程形式化、教学目标模糊化等脱离真实生活的教学困境。本文基于陶行知的生活教育理论，从闻知、说知、亲知三个维度提出研学旅行教学生活化路径。

Abstract: Primary and secondary school study tours are a new type of comprehensive practical activity curriculum that connects school education with extracurricular education. Since the inclusion of self study tours in primary and secondary education teaching plans, study tours have become a mandatory course for primary and secondary schools. The concept of research-based courses points to the real life of students, containing educational significance such as paying attention to individual life growth, integrating educational resources both inside and outside the school, and creating a virtuous teaching ecosystem. However, in the actual teaching process, research activities present teaching difficulties that are detached from real life, such as shallow representation of research, formalization of teaching processes, and blurring of teaching objectives. This article is based on Tao Xingzhi’s theory of life education, and proposes a path for the life oriented teaching of study tours from three dimensions: listening, speaking, and being familiar.