4~6岁功能性构音障碍儿童的影响因素调查

Influencing Factors of Functional Dysarthria in Children Aged 4~6 Years

摘要: 目的：调查4~6岁功能性构音障碍(FAD)儿童发病的影响因素。方法：本研究选用4~6岁功能性构音障碍儿童及正常组儿童各51例，对两组儿童的基本情况进行问卷调查，内容包括儿童性别、年龄、居住地语言、主要抚养人语言、家庭方言种类、患儿饮食习惯等，同时进行过敏指数问卷的填写，行logistic分析影响因素的相关性，对构音清晰度与过敏指数行斯皮尔曼检验，以分析其相关性，以便对构音障碍的预防提供参考意义。结果：本研究共发放问卷102份，收回102份，有效率100%，其中功能性构音障碍儿童及正常儿童各占51份。两组间过敏指数差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)，两组间性别、居住地语言、主要抚养人语言、家庭方言种类、家族遗传史、饮食习惯等差异无统计学意义(P > 0.05)。经过logistics回归分析得出过敏是功能性构音障碍的影响因素(OR < 1, P < 0.05)，经过斯皮尔曼分析得出过敏与构音清晰度负性相关(r = −0.41, P < 0.05)。结论：过敏是功能性构音障碍发病的影响因素，且过敏程度与功能性构音障碍儿童发音清晰度负性相关。

Abstract: Objective: To investigate the influencing factors of functional dysarthria (FAD) in children aged 4~6 years. Methods: In this study, 51 children with functional dysarthria aged 4~6 years and 51 chil-dren in the normal group were selected, and the caregivers of the two groups were investigated by questionnaire, including children’s gender, age, language of residence, language of main caregivers, family dialects, eating habits of children, etc. At the same time, the questionnaire of allergy index was filled in, and the correlation of influencing factors was analyzed by logistic analysis, and the correlation between articulation clarity and allergy index was analyzed by Spearman test, so as to provide reference for the prevention of dysarthria. Results: A total of 102 questionnaires were dis-tributed in this study, and 102 questionnaires were recovered, with an effective rate of 100%, in-cluding 51 functional dysarthria children and 51 normal children. The difference of allergic index between the two groups was statistically significant (P < 0.05), but there was no statistical differ-ence in gender, language of residence, language of main caregivers, family dialect types, family ge-netic history and eating habits between the two groups (P > 0.05). Logistics regression analysis shows that allergy is the influencing factor of functional dysarthria (OR < 1, P < 0.05), and Spearman analysis shows that allergy is negatively related to articulation clarity (r = −0.41, P < 0.05). Conclu-sion: Allergy is the influencing factor of functional dysarthria, and the degree of allergy is negatively related to articulation clarity of children with functional dysarthria.