地方应用型大学食用菌栽培学课程实践教学问题探讨

Exploration of Practical Teaching Issues in the Course of Edible Mushroom Cultivation in Local Applied Universities

摘要: 实践教学是高校培养高素质应用型人才的重要抓手。当前，地方应用型大学在食用菌栽培学实践教学方面存在个别学生学习认识有偏差、学习积极性不高、学习动力不足、学习效率偏低、校内外实践条件不能满足教学需要、实验课教学与理论教学脱节、教学效果不佳等问题。针对以上问题，笔者在多年实践和深入思考的基础上，提出了以下解决对策和措施：1) 加强食用菌栽培学课程的思政建设，激发学生的学习动机；2) 加强思想政治教育，增强学生的主体意识和劳动意识；3) 加强教学基本条件建设，筑牢实践教学平台；4) 改变教师的思维定势，拓展食用菌栽培学课程教学的时间和空间；5) 创新教育教学模式，提高专业人才培养质量。只要有学校政策的大力支持及相关部门的协作配合，通过师生的共同努力，就能够确保食用菌栽培学课程实践教学的质量，培养合格的应用型人才。

Abstract: Practical teaching is an important means for universities to cultivate high-quality applied talents. At present, there are some problems in the practical teaching of edible mushroom cultivation in local applied universities, such as deviation of individual students’ learning understanding, low learning enthusiasm, insufficient learning motivation, low learning efficiency, inadequate practical conditions both on and off campus to meet teaching needs, disconnection between experimental and theoretical teaching, and poor teaching effectiveness. Based on years of practice and in-depth thinking, the authors propose the following solutions and measures to address the above issues: 1) strengthen the ideological and political construction of the course of edible mushroom cultivation to stimulate students’ learning motivation; 2) strengthen ideological and political education to enhance students’ subject consciousness and labor consciousness; 3) strengthen the construction of basic teaching conditions to build a solid practical teaching platform; 4) change the mindset of teachers to expand the time and space of teaching the course of edible mushroom cultivation; 5) innovate educational and teaching models to improve the quality of professional talent cultivation. As long as there is strong support from school policies and cooperation from relevant departments, and through the joint efforts of teachers and students, the quality of practical teaching in the course of edible mushroom cultivation can be ensured, and qualified applied talents can be cultivated.