甲状腺乳头状癌的肿瘤分子标志物研究进展

Research Progress on Tumor Molecular Markers of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma

摘要: 甲状腺乳头状癌(PTC)的发病率逐年升高，且女性发病率高于男性。甲状腺乳头状癌属于亲淋巴型肿瘤，较早且较易发生淋巴结转移。手术切除是甲状腺乳头状癌的标准治疗方案之一，接受手术治疗的患者预后一般较好，但如果发生淋巴结转移或远处转移，则会显著增加不良预后。目前对于甲状腺乳头状癌的术前诊断包括：超声、CT和细针穿刺，虽然有重要的价值，但仍有一些患者由于病灶较小、位置隐蔽或病灶病理特征不典型而无法预测，且上述检查十分依赖操作者自身经验技术。因此，需寻找与甲状腺乳头状癌发生和转移相关的肿瘤分子标志物。本文将对目前国内外常见的甲状腺乳头状癌分子标志物的研究进展进行汇总描述。

Abstract: The incidence rate of thyroid papillary carcinoma (PTC) is increasing year by year, and the inci-dence rate of women is higher than that of men. PTC is a lymphophilic tumor that occurs earlier and is more prone to lymph node metastasis. Surgical resection is one of the standard treatment options for PTC patients. Patients receiving surgical treatment generally have a better prognosis, but if lymph node or distant metastasis occurs, it can significantly increase the adverse prognosis. At present, preoperative diagnosis of PTC includes ultrasound, CT and fine needle aspiration. Although they have important value, there are still some patients who cannot predict due to the small size, hidden location, or atypical pathological characteristics of the lesion, and the above examinations rely heavily on the operator’s own experience and technology. Therefore, it is necessary to search for tumor molecular markers related to the occurrence and metastasis of PTC. This article will de-scribe the research progress of common molecular markers of PTC both domestically and interna-tionally.