汽车发动机曲轴有限元分析及优化设计

Finite Element Analysis and Optimal Design of Automobile Engine Crankshaft

摘要: 本项目采用ANSYS有限元分析方法对某汽车发动机曲轴进行分析。以某直列四缸柴油机曲轴为研究对象，运用三维建模软件及仿真分析软件对其进行结构分析。在进行静力分析和模态分析的仿真分析过程中，得到曲轴的应力最大值、变形最大值和固有频率。最后根据分析结果，优化曲轴应力应变位置，降低最大应变和应力，对曲轴参数进行了重新设计和优化。结果表明，通过有限元分析和优化设计，曲轴的最大变形量减小了0.046351 mm，降幅为7.67%，最大应力减小了9.33 Mpa，降幅为6.31%。可以看出，优化设计后的曲轴的强度得到了一定程度的增强，并具有可靠的功能和较长疲劳寿命的功能，从而达到曲轴优化的目的。

Abstract: In this project, ANSYS finite element analysis method is used to analyze the crankshaft of an auto-mobile engine. Taking the crankshaft of an in-line four-cylinder diesel engine as the research object, the structure of the crankshaft is analyzed by using 3D modeling software and simulation analysis software. In the process of static analysis and modal analysis, the maximum stress, maximum de-formation and natural frequency of the crankshaft are obtained. Finally, according to the analysis results, the stress-strain position of the crankshaft is optimized, the maximum strain and stress are reduced, and the parameters of the crankshaft are redesigned and optimized. The results show that the maximum deformation of crankshaft is reduced by 0.046351 mm (7.67%) and the maximum stress is reduced by 9.33 Mpa (6.31%) through finite element analysis and optimal design. It can be seen that the strength of the crankshaft after optimized design has been enhanced to a certain ex-tent, and has reliable functions and long fatigue life functions, so as to achieve the purpose of crankshaft optimization.