电动汽车电池包直冷板仿真

Simulation of Direct Cooling Plate for Electric Vehicle Battery Packs

摘要: 近年来，电动汽车作为一种环保、高效的交通工具，受到越来越多消费者的关注和青睐。然而，电动汽车的高能量密度和高功率输出也带来了许多热管理方面的挑战。其中，电动汽车电池组的热管理是影响电池性能和寿命的关键因素之一。传统的电动汽车电池热管理系统通常采用液冷方式，但液冷系统有着传热速率低，能效比低，复杂度高等缺点。为了克服传统液冷系统的局限性，直冷式热管理系统被提出并得到了广泛关注。本文以电动汽车电池包直冷板为研究对象，搭建直冷板1:1三维CAD模型。介绍了建立气液两相流传质模型的具体流程以及参数设置。对比不同传质系数下，细管的表面温度和内部气相率的变化。对冷板在单面加热实验条件下的表面温度，内部气相率以及内部压力进行仿真分析。结果表明，该模型具有较高的仿真精度，与实验数据高度吻合，表面温度误差在7.8%以内。本文为整车大尺寸直冷板的建模与仿真提供一定的理论指导。

Abstract: In recent years, electric vehicles (EVs), as an environmentally friendly and efficient means of trans-portation, have been attracting more and more attention and favor from consumers. However, the high energy density and high power output of electric vehicles also bring many thermal manage-ment challenges. Among them, thermal management of EV battery packs is one of the key factors affecting battery performance and life. Traditional thermal management systems for EV batteries are usually liquid-cooled, but liquid-cooled systems have the disadvantages of low heat transfer rate, low energy efficiency ratio, and high complexity. In order to overcome the limitations of the tradi-tional liquid-cooled system, the direct-cooled thermal management system has been proposed and gained wide attention. Taking the direct cooling plate of the electric vehicle battery pack as the re-search object, a 1:1 three-dimensional CAD model of the direct cooling plate is constructed. The specific process of building the gas-liquid two-phase flow mass transfer model and the parameter settings are introduced. The surface temperature and internal gas phase of the tube were compared under different mass transfer coefficients. The surface temperature, internal gas phase and internal pressure of the cold plate were simulated under the experimental condition of single side heating. The results show that the model has high simulation accuracy and is in good agreement with the experimental data. The surface temperature error is less than 7.8%. This paper provides some theoretical guidance for the modeling and simulation of vehicle large size straight cold plates.