短视频平台著作权间接侵权责任认定研究

Research on Indirect Infringement Liability of Short Video Platform Copyright

摘要: 互联网和智能机的不断泛泛，使得讯息传播向碎片化、快餐化发展，以抖音、快手为代表的短视频平台层见叠出。在短视频平台井喷式爆发的过程中，侵权现象更是频频发生，有关其间接侵权的责任认定成为讨论焦点。当前，现有的避风港原则下对短视频平台的间接侵权责任认定标准存在以下不足：一是短视频的可版权性在司法认定上存在难点；二是短视频平台与长视频平台混同；三是对“注意义务”判断标准不足；四是“通知–删除”规则不完善。为此，根据短视频及短视频平台的专有特点，重新释义共同侵权理论、过错理论、利益平衡理论，实现短视频平台间接侵权责任认定的理论证成。在此基础上，提出更实用的归责原则新模式并进一步解析“避风港”原则，优化短视频平台著作权间接侵权责任认定标准。

Abstract: The constant popularity of the network and smart computers has made the information dissemination move towards fragmentation and fast food. Short video platforms such as Douyin and Kuaishou emerge in endlessly. During the explosive process of short video platforms, infringement has occurred frequently, and the determination of liability for indirect infringement has become the focus of discussion. At present, the existing standards for determining indirect infringement liability of short video platforms under the principle of safe haven have the following shortcomings: firstly, there are difficulties in judicial determination of the copyrightability of short videos; secondly, short video platforms are mixed with long video platforms; thirdly, there is insufficient standard for judging the “duty of care”; the fourth is that the “notice delete” rule is not perfect. Therefore, based on the unique characteristics of short videos and short video platforms, the joint infringement theory, fault theory, and balance of interests theory are reinterpreted to achieve theoretical proof of indirect infringement liability of short video platforms. On this basis, a more practical new model of attribution principle is proposed, and the “safe haven” principle is further analyzed to optimize the standards for determining indirect infringement liability of copyright on short video platforms.