对外汉语中多义词“辣”的习得分析与教学建议

Analysis and Teaching Suggestions on the Acquisition of the Polysemous Word “Spicy” in Teaching Chinese as a Second Language

摘要: “辣”是一种常见的味觉词，与人们的生活密切相关，在日常交际中经常用到。“辣”除了基本义外，还有很多隐喻义，《国际中文教育中文水平等级标准》共收录5个与“辣”有关的词汇，汉语二语学习者(CSL学习者)在学习“辣”的基本义和隐喻义时存在很多问题。本文选取BCC语料库对“辣”进行隐喻分析，归纳总结了“辣”的义项；选取全球汉语中介语语料库，具体分析了汉语二语学习者(CSL学习者)使用“辣”的情况和特点，并提出相应的对外汉语教学建议。

Abstract: “Spicy” is a common taste word that is closely related to people’s lives and is often used in daily communication. In addition to the basic meaning of “spicy”, it also has many metaphorical meanings. The “International Chinese Education Chinese Proficiency Standards” includes a total of 5 words related to “spicy”. Chinese second language learners (CSL learners) have many problems when learning the basic and metaphorical meanings of “spicy”. This article selects the BCC corpus to conduct a metaphorical analysis of “spicy” and summarizes the meaning of “spicy”; selects the global Chinese interlanguage corpus to specifically analyze the situation and characteristics of “spicy” used by Chinese second language learners (CSL learners), and put forward corresponding suggestions for teaching Chinese as a foreign language.