社区慢性病老年人社会衰弱影响因素分析

Analysis of Influencing Factors of Social Frailty of the Elderly with Chronic Diseases in Community

摘要: 目的：探讨社区慢性病老年人发生社会衰弱的影响因素。方法：于2022年9月~2023年5月便利选取唐山市路北区的990例社区慢性病老年人作为研究对象。采用一般资料调查表、社会衰弱筛查工具、阿森斯失眠量表、衰弱筛查量表、社会支持评定量表、微型营养评估量表、简易精神状态检查表和精简版流调中心抑郁量表进行调查，利用倾向性评分匹配法将其匹配成社会衰弱组和非社会衰弱组。结果：成功匹配240对慢性病老年人。匹配后经单因素和多因素分析显示，睡眠状况、躯体衰弱、社会支持、营养状况、体育活动、认知功能和抑郁是社区慢性病老年人社会衰弱的影响因素(P < 0.05)。结论：社区慢性病老年人睡眠状况为可疑失眠或失眠、低社会支持、营养状况较差、体育活动较少、躯体衰弱、认知障碍和抑郁是其发生社会衰弱的原因。

Abstract: Objective: To explore the influencing factors of social frailty in the elderly with chronic diseases in the community. Methods: From September 2022 to May 2023, 990 elderly people with chronic diseases in the community in Lubei District of Tangshan City were selected as the study objects. A general data questionnaire, social frailty screening tool, Athens Insomnia Scale, frailty Screening Scale, social support rating scale, mini-nutrition Assessment scale, simple mental state checklist and reduced version of the central depression scale were used to investigate, and they were matched into social frailty group and non-social frailty group by propensity score matching method. Results: 240 pairs of chronic elderly were matched successfully. After matching, univariate and multi-factor analysis showed that Sleep status, body frailty, social support, nutritional status, physical activity, cognitive function and depression were the influential factors of social frailty in the elderly with chronic diseases in the community (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The sleep status of the elderly with chronic diseases in the community is suspicious insomnia or insomnia, low social support, poor nutritional status, less physical activity, physical weakness, cognitive impairment and depression are the causes of their social weakness.