RCEP安全例外条款及中国参与跨境数据流动的因应

The RCEP Security Exceptions in Digital Trade and Contermeasures of China

摘要: 在数字经济高速转型发展的背景下，传统交易模式及规则无法适应新时代需求，因此跨国经贸往来对跨境数据的相对“松绑”必不可少，如何达成有限度的自由化以寻求二者衡平成为重中之重。在国际统一规则缺乏的情况下，多边及区域贸易协定中的数据跨境流动条款成为有效解决工具，其中便包括了《区域全面经济伙伴关系协定》(以下简称RCEP协定)。相关条款在基于禁止限制数据跨境流动的原则上给与缔约方一定政策灵活空间，而我国作为RCEP重要成员国和世界贸易大国，在平衡数据安全和自由时有适用例外条款的需求。同时我们也应厘清适用例外条款的可能性与方式，努力完善适用，在电子商务的领域中展现大国责任与风采。

Abstract: With the rapid transformation and development of the digital economy, the traditional trade model and rules can not adapt to the needs of the new era. The relative “relaxation” of cross-border data flow in cross-border trade becomes essential and how to reach the “limited liberalization” to seek the balance relationship between the two has become the most important exploration. In the situation where it is difficult to build a consensus for internationally uniform rules, the provisions on cross-border data flow in multilateral and regional trade agreements have become an effective solution to the formulation and balancing of the above dilemma, such as the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (hereinafter referred to as “RCEP Agreement”). The exception clause on the cross-border data flow has granted the parties some policy flexibility based on the principle of prohibition of restrictions on cross-border data flow. As an important member of RCEP and a big trade country in the world, China has the demand to apply the exception clause in balancing the security and freedom of data, but at the same time we should clarify the possibility and method of applying the exception clause, and strive to perfect its application, in the field of e-commerce to show the responsibility and style of a big country.