脐尿管软斑病1例合并文献复习

One Case of Urachal Malakoplakia with Literature Review

摘要: 目的：报道脐尿管软斑病的高危因素、临床特征和诊治要点，分析该病的治疗预后。方法：回顾性分析1例脐尿管软斑病的患者并复习相关文献。结果：本例患者患有自身免疫性肝病、糖尿病等高危因素，并于入院前血尿2周，实验室检查提示有感染迹象，行影像学检查示脐尿管肿物，完善膀胱镜检查提示炎性病变。予以抗生素对症治疗后行脐尿管切除术，术后予以抗炎治疗，患者术后恢复良好出院，术后病理提示患者脐尿管软斑病。结论：脐尿管软斑病临床少见，症状无特异性，早期诊断困难，脐尿管软斑病其表现类似于肿瘤，仅根据临床表现及影像学检查易造成误诊，确诊依赖病理组织学诊断。临床医师应加强对脐尿管软斑病的认识，及时明确诊断，给予对症治疗。

Abstract: Objective: Report on the high-risk factors, clinical features, and diagnostic and therapeutic consid-erations of urachal malakoplakia, and analyze the treatment prognosis of this condition. Methods: Retrospective analysis of one case of urachal malakoplakia patient and a review of relevant litera-ture. Results: The patient in this case had high-risk factors such as autoimmune liver disease and diabetes. Two weeks before admission, the patient had hematuria, and laboratory tests indicated signs of infection. Imaging examinations revealed a mass in the urachus, and a thorough cystoscopy indicated inflammatory lesions. The patient received symptomatic treatment with antibiotics, fol-lowed by urachal excision surgery. Postoperatively, anti-inflammatory treatment was administered, and the patient recovered well and was discharged. Pathological examination after surgery re-vealed urachal malakoplakia in the patient. Conclusion: Urachal malakoplakia is clinically rare, with nonspecific symptoms, making early diagnosis challenging. The clinical presentation of urachal ma-lakoplakia is similar to that of a tumor. Relying solely on clinical manifestations and imaging exam-inations can lead to misdiagnosis. Definitive diagnosis depends on histopathological examination. Clinical physicians should enhance their awareness of urachal malakoplakia, promptly establish a clear diagnosis, and provide symptomatic treatment.