飞行员过敏性结膜炎的临床特点

Clinical Characteristics of Allergic Conjunctivitis in Pilots

摘要: 目的：分析飞行员患过敏性结膜炎的临床特点。方法：选取2020年1月~2023年12月在我中心保健疗养被诊断为过敏性结膜炎的飞行员116例，对其症状和体征进行评估，分析其临床特点。结果：116例过敏性结膜炎均为双眼发病，年龄、地域均无统计学意义。主观症状中眼痒的发生率最高，为97.6%；其次为异物感，发生率为85.0%。在体征上检查所见结膜充血发病率为91.8%、上睑结膜乳头发生率为90%，上脸结膜滤泡发生率为75.9%。飞行员过敏性结膜炎发病多为季节性过敏性结膜炎，春季、秋季多发。其次是常年性过敏性结膜炎和春季角结膜炎。眼痒、异物感的症状多与睑结膜乳头和滤泡相关(均P < 0.05)。结论：飞行员过敏性结膜炎最常见的症状是眼氧和异物感，体征上多表现为结膜充血、睑结膜乳头、睑结膜滤泡。症状和体征积分上春季角结膜炎最高，其次为常年性过敏性结膜炎，最后是季节性过敏性结膜炎(P < 0.01)。

Abstract: Objective: To analyze the clinical characteristics of allergic conjunctivitis in pilots. Methods: A total of 116 pilots diagnosed with allergic conjunctivitis in our center from January 2020 to December 2023 were selected to evaluate their signs and symptoms and analyze their clinical characteristics. Results: All 116 cases of allergic conjunctivitis were binocular, and there was no statistical signifi-cance in age or region. Among the subjective symptoms, the incidence of ocular itch was the highest (97.6%). The second was foreign body sensation (85.0%), conjunctival hyperemia (91.8%), upper eyelid conjunctival papillae (90%) and upper face conjunctival follicles (75.9%). The incidence of allergic conjunctivitis in pilots is usually seasonal allergic conjunctivitis, which occurs frequently in spring and autumn. This was followed by perennial allergic conjunctivitis and vernal keratocon-junctivitis. The symptoms of ocular itching and foreign body sensation were mostly related to pal-pebral conjunctival papillae and follicles (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The most common symptoms of al-lergic conjunctivitis in pilots are ocular oxygen and foreign body sensation, and the signs are con-junctival congestion, conjunctival papillae and conjunctival follicles. In terms of symptoms and signs, spring keratoconjunctivitis was the highest, followed by perennial allergic conjunctivitis and seasonal allergic conjunctivitis (P < 0.01).