论数据犯罪的限缩和分流

On the Limitation and Diversion of Data Crime

摘要: 针对司法实践中数据犯罪逐步沦为新“口袋罪”的乱象，通过对标前置法《数据安全法》中数据安全的定义，明确刑法数据犯罪所保护的法益内涵，确认数据安全法益的独立地位。并将数据剥离为表里层分别讨论，挖掘数据承载的实质法益。通过法益对犯罪构成的规制机能，厘清狭义数据犯罪同传统犯罪数据化之间的界限，将以数据为行为对象，实际上侵犯其他法益的行为分流于财产类、信息类等传统犯罪的规制当中，从而实现对数据犯罪入罪的限缩及分流，避免数据犯罪落入口袋罪的窠臼。

Abstract: In view of the chaos of data crime gradually becoming a new “pocket crime” in judicial practice, through the definition of data security in the prestandard law “Data Security Law”, the connotation of legal interest protected by data crime in criminal law is clarified, and the independent status of legal interest of data security is confirmed. And the data is separated into the surface and inside layers to discuss separately, mining the real legal interests of data bearing. Through the regulatory function of legal interests on crime composition, the boundary between narrow data crime and traditional crime datafication is clarified, and the behavior that is ostensibly targeted at data but actually infringes on other legal interests is diverted into the regulation of traditional crimes such as property and information, so as to achieve the limitation and diversion regulation of data crime and avoid data crime falling into the pattern of pocket crime.