毛囊及其相关细胞在纤维化中的作用

The Role of Hair Follicles and Their Associated Cells in Fibrosis

摘要: 毛囊是皮肤中的一种器官，其中包含着毛发的生长和发育所需的细胞和结构。在纤维化过程中，毛囊及其相关细胞起着重要的作用。深入了解毛囊与皮肤成纤维细胞的发展可以使我们更接近于开发成纤维细胞定向治疗无疤痕愈合。最近的研究揭示了皮肤内毛囊及其干细胞的异质性和可塑性，这对皮肤病和组织工程具有重要意义，如毛囊内的上皮细胞等在纤维化过程中可能会发生增殖和分化，形成纤维化的结构，导致毛囊功能受损。但纤维化包括了一系列复杂的生物学反应和细胞因子的参与，在受伤后机体会释放大量的细胞因子来促进伤口愈合，其中包括促进纤维化和瘢痕形成的因子。纤维化和瘢痕形成是机体在受伤或炎症过程中修复组织的过程中涉及的重要生理过程。在正常情况下，这两个过程是相互平衡的，以确保受伤组织的适当修复和再生。总的来说，毛囊及其相关细胞在纤维化过程中会参与纤维组织的形成和增生，导致毛囊功能受损和皮肤症状的出现。因此，在治疗纤维化相关疾病时，可以考虑针对毛囊及其相关细胞的调节和干预。在许多纤维化疾病中过表达。它能显著促进成纤维细胞的增殖，以及细胞外基质(ECM)的产生，并且改善创面愈合质量。本文综述了毛囊及其干细胞在皮肤、肝、疫系统疾病(硬皮病)、脊髓神经损伤后和心肌纤维化的表达变化和纤维化作用。

Abstract: Hair follicles are organs in the skin that contain the cells and structures needed for hair to grow and develop. Hair follicles and their associated cells play an important role in the process of fibrosis. A deeper understanding of the development of hair follicles and skin fibroblasts could bring us closer to developing fibroblast targeted therapies for scar-free healing. Recent studies have revealed the heterogeneity and plasticity of the hair follicle and its stem cells in the skin, which has important implications for skin diseases and tissue engineering, such as the epithelial cells in the hair follicle may proliferate and differentiate during fibrosis, forming fibrotic structures, resulting in impaired hair follicle function. But fibrosis involves a complex set of biological responses and the involvement of cytokines. After injury, the body releases a large number of cytokines to promote wound healing, including factors that promote fibrosis and scarring. Fibrosis and scarring are important physiological processes involved in the body’s process of repairing tissue during injury or inflammation. Under normal circumstances, these two processes are balanced against each other to ensure proper repair and regeneration of injured tissue. In general, hair follicles and their associated cells are involved in the formation and proliferation of fibrous tissue during fibrosis, leading to impaired hair follicle function and the appearance of skin symptoms. Therefore, when treating fibrosis-related diseases, regulation and interventions targeting hair follicles and their associated cells can be considered. It is over expressed in many fibrotic diseases. It can significantly promote the proliferation of fibroblasts and the production of ECM, and improve the quality of wound healing. The expression and fibrotic effect of hair follicles and their stem cells in skin, liver, epidemic diseases (scleroderma), spinal cord nerve injury and myocardial fibrosis were reviewed.