上颌窦恶性肿瘤概述及临床诊治

Diagnosis, Treatment and Research Progress of Malignant Tumors of Maxillary Sinus

摘要: 上颌窦恶性肿瘤很少见，仅占全身0.2%~0.5%的比例，而在头颈部则占1.5%~3.0%。其中，上颌窦鳞癌是最常见的类型，其次是腺癌和腺样囊性癌。由于上颌窦在解剖位置上相对隐蔽，临床症状往往出现较晚，导致多数患者被发现时已处于晚期病变阶段。此外，上颌窦恶性肿瘤发病率较低，病理类型复杂，并且周围解剖关系复杂，因此目前仍缺乏规范的治疗方案。然而，早期诊断和治疗能够提高患者的存活率。目前，上颌窦恶性肿瘤的主要治疗方案是综合应用手术切除、放疗和化疗。

Abstract: Malignant tumors of the maxillary sinus are rare, accounting for only 0.2%~0.5% of the whole body, while 1.5%~3.0% of the head and neck. Among them, squamous cell carcinoma of maxillary sinus is the most common type, followed by adenocarcinoma and adenoid cystic carcinoma. Due to the relative concealment of the anatomical position of the maxillary sinus, clinical symptoms often appear late, resulting in most patients being found in the late stage of disease. In addition, the in-cidence of maxillary sinus malignant tumor is low, the pathological type is complex, and the sur-rounding anatomical relationship is complex, so there is still a lack of standardized treatment. However, early diagnosis and treatment can improve the survival of patients. At present, the main treatment of maxillary sinus malignant tumor is the comprehensive application of surgical resec-tion, radiotherapy and chemotherapy.