急性淋巴细胞白血病儿童口腔健康 及口腔健康管理

Oral Health and Oral Health Management in Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

摘要: 急性淋巴细胞白血病是儿童最常见的白血病类型，患病儿童大多表现出口腔健康受损、龋齿风险高、龋齿相关因素改变和口腔菌群失调，牙周炎状况和口腔粘膜炎明显更高。与健康儿童相比，ALL儿童的牙齿形态紊乱更为常见。在ALL患儿中，由于小牙群引起的错咬合也可能引发颞下颌关节紊乱。近年来急性淋巴细胞白血病患儿的治疗和预后已有显著的提高，但该病及其治疗措施可导致多种口腔并发症，影响进一步治疗，对患儿影响大，不利于疾病的控制。维持口腔健康状态改善患者的相关症状，降低并发症的发生受到了诸多的关注，为提高患儿生存质量，本文围绕急性淋巴细胞白血病患儿口腔健康状况及口腔健康管理作一综述，为临床提供参考。

Abstract: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia is the most common type of leukemia in children. Most children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia show impaired oral health, high risk of dental caries, changes in caries related factors and dysregulation of oral microbiota. Periodontitis and oral mucositis are significantly higher. Tooth morphology disorders are more common in children with ALL than in healthy children. In children with ALL, malocclusion due to small teeth may also lead to TMJ dis-orders. In recent years, the treatment and prognosis of children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia have been significantly improved. However, the disease and its treatment can lead to a variety of oral complications, which affect the further treatment, have a great impact on children and are not good for the control of the disease. Maintaining oral health status to improve the related symptoms of patients and reduce the occurrence of complications has received a lot of attention. In order to improve the quality of life of children, this article reviews the oral health status and oral health management of children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, so as to provide reference for clinical practice.