农村居民无法忍受不确定性与心理应激的关系——心理弹性的中介作用

The Relationship between Intolerance of Uncertainty and Psychological Stress on Rural Residents—The Mediating Role of Psychological Resilience

摘要: 目的：本文主要探讨在突发公共卫生事件中农民居民的无法忍受不确定性、心理弹性与心理应激的关系。方法：应用无法忍受不确定性量表(IU-12)、心理弹性量表(CD-RISC 10)与COVID-19应激行为量表以及自编的一般情况调查表，通过入户调查和线上问卷的方式对493名农村居民进行调查，基于此，探析无法忍受不确定性、心理弹性和心理应激的关系，并确认心理弹性是否在无法忍受不确定性与心理应激中具有中介效应。结果：1) 无法忍受确定性和心理弹性与心理应激各维度均存在显著相关关系。2) 无法忍受不确定性能够负向预测其心理弹性(β = −0.11, p < 0.05)。3) 无法忍受不确定性负向预测疫情认知性评价(β = −0.11, p < 0.05)和防御性行为(β = −0.12, p < 0.01)，正向预测情绪性恐慌(β = 0.48, p < 0.001)；心理弹性正向预测疫情认知性评价(β = 0.41, p < 0.001)和防御性行为(β = 0.39, p < 0.001)，负向预测情绪性恐慌(β = −0.23, p < 0.001)。4) 心理弹性在无法忍受不确定性对认知性评价、情绪性恐慌和疫情防御性行为的影响中起到中介作用。结论：农村居民的无法忍受不确定性不仅可以直接影响心理应激，还可以通过心理弹性的中介作用影响心理应激。

Abstract: Objective: This study aims to explore the relationships among intolerance of uncertainty, psycho-logical resilience, and psychological stress among rural residents during public health emergencies. Methods: The study utilized the Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale (IU-12), the Connor-Davidson Re-silience Scale (CD-RISC 10), and the COVID-19 Stress Behavior Scale, along with a self-developed general questionnaire. A total of 493 rural residents were surveyed through household interviews and online questionnaires. Based on this data, the study analyzed the relationships between intol-erance of uncertainty, psychological resilience, and psychological stress during the pandemic. Fur-thermore, the study investigated whether psychological resilience mediates the relationship be-tween the intolerance of uncertainty and psychological stress. Results: 1) The intolerance of uncer-tainty and psychological resilience were significantly correlated with various dimensions of psycho-logical stress. 2) The intolerance of uncertainty negatively predicted psychological resilience (β = −0.11, p < 0.05). 3) The intolerance of uncertainty negatively predicted cognitive appraisal of the pandemic (β = −0.11, p < 0.05) and defensive behaviors (β = −0.12, p < 0.01), while positively pre-dicting emotional distress (β = 0.48, p < 0.001). Psychological resilience positively predicted cogni-tive appraisal of the pandemic (β = 0.41, p < 0.001) and defensive behaviors (β = 0.39, p < 0.001), while negatively predicting emotional distress (β = −0.23, p < 0.001). 4) Psychological resilience mediated the impact of the intolerance of uncertainty on cognitive appraisal, emotional distress, and pandemic defensive behaviors. Conclusion: The intolerance of uncertainty among rural resi-dents not only has a direct impact on psychological stress but also influences psychological stress through the mediating role of psychological resilience.