合同中违约方解除问题研究——以房屋租赁合同为例

Research on Rescission of the Defaulting Party in the Contract—Taking the House Lease Contract as the Research Object

摘要: 在合同履行过程中，时常出现因合同双方无法达成一致，有解约权的一方又不行使解约权而导致合同僵局的情形，其中以房屋租赁合同纠纷的表现最为典型，此种合同僵局情形造成社会资源的浪费以及各方利益的不平衡。本文梳理了我国法律从实践到法律规定为解决合同僵局所进行的努力和条文演变，并通过实践效果阐述现存法律规定的不足，以期从法理和实践的角度，提供一些解决房屋租赁合同僵局而由违约方解除合同僵局的问题的思路，并引发更多的思考和探讨。

Abstract: In the process of contract performance, frequent situations arise where both parties to a contract are unable to reach an agreement, but the party with the right to terminate the contract fails to exercise the right to terminate and leads to a deadlock in the contract. Among these situations, the most typical manifestation is the contract deadlock in disputes over housing lease contracts. This kind of contract deadlock situation causes waste of social resources and imbalance of interests among all parties. This article outlines the efforts and evolution of legal provisions in China from practice to legal provisions to resolve contract deadlock, and explain the shortcomings of existing legal provisions through practical results. In order to provide some ideas from the perspectives of legal theory and practice to solve the problem of the deadlock in housing lease contracts being resolved by the defaulting party and triggering more thinking and discussion.