短视频“搬运”现象的版权法规制研究

Study on the Copyright Law of Short Video “Carrying” Phenomenon

摘要: 随着移动传输速度不断升级，以短视频为载体记录生活日常娱乐方式逐渐成为主流。文章首先从著作权权利基础角度去分析纠纷短视频是否满足作品构成标准。我国著作权目前针对作品分类尚未对短视频做出具体规定，因此需要探究短视频需要达到如何标准才构成“视听”作品。其次，文章重点分析了短视频侵权纠纷主要侵权要素，进而在判断是否构成作品时，应更着重于受众欣赏反应、独创表达、情节具体这三项特征来确定。针对短视频作品可能的侵权情形予以划分，从侵权纠纷中常见侵权主体角度出发探究短视频平台义务与其他用户合理使用的界限。并在此基础上分析短视频著作权法现行规制手段种类与方式，为后文提出不同主体短视频侵权行为认定标准与义务提供理论基础。最后，在现行规制手段基础上探究出新的规制建议，即应扩大短视频平台间接侵权与直接侵权责任范围，从制作、审核、传播、复制等过程中规制短视频侵权行为，要求更高的平台责任。

Abstract: With the continuous upgrading of mobile transmission speed, using short videos as a carrier to record daily life and entertainment has gradually become mainstream. This article first analyzes whether the disputed short videos meet the criteria for composition of works from the perspec-tive of the foundation of copyright rights. At present, there are no specific regulations on the classification of works for short videos in China’s copyright system. Therefore, it is necessary to explore what standards short videos need to meet in order to constitute “audiovisual” works. Secondly, this article focuses on analyzing the main elements of infringement in short video infringement disputes. When determining whether it constitutes a work, more emphasis should be placed on the three characteristics of audience appreciation and response, original expression, and specific plot to determine. Divide the possible infringement situations of short video works, and explore the boundary between the obligations of short video platforms and the reasonable use of other users from the perspective of common infringement subjects in infringement disputes. On this basis, analyze the types and methods of current regulatory measures in the Short Video Copyright Law, and provide a theoretical basis for proposing different standards and obligations for determining infringement of short videos by different entities in the following text. Finally, based on the current regulatory measures, new regulatory suggestions are explored, which are to expand the scope of indirect and direct infringement liability of short video platforms, regulate short video infringement behaviors from the processes of production, review, dissemination, and replication, and require higher platform liability.