常见组织瓣修复口腔颌面部缺损应用进展

Advances in the Application of Common Tissue Flaps for the Repair of Oral and Maxillofacial Defects

摘要: 对于头颈部肿瘤的外科治疗，切除术是最常用的治疗手段，但是往往会导致颌面部组织缺损，这也是目前头颈部肿瘤患者接受手术治疗后，需要修复组织缺损的主要原因之一。随着临床医疗水平的提高和医学研究的不断深入，许多新型材料被应用到了修复组织缺损的过程中，其中应用最多的就是皮瓣。皮瓣作为一种新型治疗方式，它具有取皮方便、术后反应轻、恢复快、并发症少等特点。皮瓣的种类和应用范围非常广泛，本文从组织、功能及美学等方面讨论了口腔颌面重建中常用到的几种方法及其优缺点和临床应用情况进行一综述，为颌面软组织缺损的临床治疗提供参考。

Abstract: For the surgical treatment of head and neck tumours, resection is the most commonly used treat-ment, but it often leads to maxillofacial tissue defects, which is one of the main reasons why patients with head and neck tumours need to repair tissue defects after undergoing surgical treatment at present. With the improvement of clinical medical level and the deepening of medical research, many new materials have been applied to the process of repairing tissue defects, and one of the most used is the skin flap. As a new treatment modality, skin flap has the characteristics of conven-ient skin removal, mild postoperative reaction, fast recovery and fewer complications. The types and applications of flaps are very wide, this paper discusses several methods commonly used in oral and maxillofacial reconstruction from the aspects of tissue, function and aesthetics, as well as their advantages and disadvantages and clinical applications, to provide a review for the clinical treat-ment of maxillofacial soft tissue defects.