论国际商事仲裁虚拟化对当事人意思自治的冲击

The Impact of Virtual Hearings in International Commercial Arbitration on the Party Autonomy Doctrine

摘要: 后疫情时代，以虚拟听证为代表的虚拟现实技术在国际商事仲裁领域的广泛引用，对原本以当事人意思自治主义为核心的国际商事仲裁传统制度造成了冲击，形成了仲裁机构权力相对扩大的现象。一方面，其体现为在当事人的意思自治与仲裁庭权力发生分歧，并诉诸法院解决纠纷之时，法院在事实上驳回了当事人的诉请、支持了仲裁庭的诉求；另一方面，则体现为虚拟听证作为国际商事仲裁领域提高仲裁效率的关键切入点，在一定程度上和当事人追求的公平之间出现碰撞。因此，为了缓解仲裁当事人和仲裁机构的矛盾、平衡公平和效率的冲突，应当从实质上规范仲裁机构的行为、从形式上增加仲裁机构的公信力，在制度层面和技术层面对仲裁庭权力进行有效制约。

Abstract: In the post-epidemic era, the extensive use of virtual reality technology in the field of international commercial arbitration, represented by virtual hearings, has impacted the traditional system of international commercial arbitration centered on party autonomy, resulting in the relative expansion of the power of arbitral institutions. On the one hand, it is reflected in the party’s autonomy and arbitral tribunal power disagreement, and resort to the court to resolve disputes, the court in fact rejected the party’s claim, support the arbitral tribunal’s claim; on the other hand, it is reflected in the virtual hearing as the international commercial arbitration field to improve the efficiency of arbitration key entry point, to a certain extent, and the parties to the pursuit of fairness of the collision between. Therefore, in order to alleviate the contradiction between the parties to arbitration and the arbitration institution, and to balance the conflict between fairness and efficiency, it is necessary to regulate the behavior of the arbitration institution in terms of substance, to increase the credibility of the arbitration institution in terms of form, and to impose effective constraints on the power of the arbitration tribunal at the institutional level and at the technical level.