网络舆情监管中人格权侵权法律救济困境与出路

The Dilemma and the Way Out of the Legal Remedies for the Violation of Personality Rights in the Network Public Opinion Monitoring

摘要: 网络平台的监管不力导致严重侵犯人格权的网络暴力现象日益突出。本文通过对500例网络暴力事件中受害人的诉讼请求、败诉原因、救济结果等进行多方面调研，以及对相关法律法规的分析，得出网络暴力的救济在司法层面存在取证难、诉讼周期长、民行刑衔接不畅等困境；在立法层面存在网络暴力定义不明，处罚标准整体较轻等不足。通过对网络暴力进行合理定性，提高网络暴力处罚力度、缩小处罚之间的空白，明确网络服务提供者的义务，发布《网络暴力民法、行政执法与刑事司法衔接工作办法》等措施，可以更好地实现被侵权人的人格权救济，保障其合法利益，营造清朗的网络空间。

Abstract: Ineffective regulation of online platforms has led to the increasing prominence of cyber violence, which is a serious violation of personality rights. This paper analyzes 500 cases of cyber-violence in which the victims’ claims, reasons for failure, and results of relief were researched and analyzes relevant laws and regulations, and concludes that the relief of cyber-violence at the judicial level is difficult to obtain evidence, the litigation cycle is long, and the civil-executive-criminal interface is not smooth, and that there are deficiencies in the legislative level, such as unclear definitions of cyber-violence and lighter penalties overall. By rationally characterizing cyber violence, increasing the strength of cyber violence penalties, narrowing the gaps between penalties, clarifying the obligations of network service providers, and issuing the Measures for Bridging Civil Law, Administrative Law Enforcement, and Criminal Justice on Cyber Violence, and other measures, it is possible to better realize the relief of personality rights of infringed persons, safeguard their legitimate interests, and create a clear cyberspace.