宫颈胚胎性横纹肌肉瘤1例病例汇报并文献复习

Cervical Embryonal Rhabdomyosarcoma: A Case Report and Literature Review

摘要: 横纹肌肉瘤作为一种起源于横纹肌细胞或有倾向分化为横纹肌细胞的间叶细胞的恶行肿瘤，由各种不同分化程度的横纹肌母细胞组成，是儿童软组织肉瘤中最常见的一种。横纹肌肉瘤发病率次于恶性纤维组织细胞瘤和脂肪肉瘤，按组织类型可分为胚胎性横纹肌肉瘤、腺泡状横纹肌肉瘤及多形性横纹肌肉瘤，其中胚胎性横纹肌肉瘤(ERMS)约占横纹肌肉瘤的2/3，好发于儿童及青少年，尤其是15岁以下的儿童。多项研究表明，横纹肌肉瘤生存率5年总体生存率(OS)位于70%~90%之间，5年无事件生存率(EFS)位于60%~80%，但长期预后仍欠佳。本文针对1例儿童发病、发生于宫颈的胚胎性横纹肌肉瘤进行临床诊疗相关病例汇报，并复习相关文献。

Abstract: Rhabdomyosarcoma, as a malignant tumor originating from striated muscle cells or mesenchymal cells that tend to differentiate into striated muscle cells, is composed of various degrees of differen-tiation of striated myoblasts and is the most common type of soft tissue sarcoma in children. The in-cidence rate of rhabdomyosarcoma is second to that of malignant fibrous histiocytoma and liposar-coma. It can be divided into embryonic rhabdomyosarcoma, alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma and pol-ymorphic rhabdomyosarcoma according to the tissue type. Among them, embryonic rhabdomyo-sarcoma (ERMS) accounts for about 2/3 of rhabdomyosarcoma, which is most common in children and adolescents, especially children under 15 years old. Multiple studies have shown that the over-all 5-year survival rate (OS) of rhabdomyosarcoma is between 70% and 90%, and the 5-year event free survival rate (EFS) is between 60% and 80%, but the long-term prognosis is still poor. This ar-ticle reports a clinical diagnosis and treatment related case of embryonic rhabdomyosarcoma of the cervix in a child, and reviews relevant literature.