城镇化建设下的农民身份转变研究：龙港案例

Study on the Transformation of Farmers’ Identity under Urbanization: The Case of Longgang

摘要: “离土不离乡”是龙港地区作为中国首个“镇改市”在早期实现农民身份转变的主要模式。研究显示，身份转变的过程主要体现在三个方面：首先，当地农民主要通过开创家庭工业和兼营工业等第二产业的方式，完成了从农民到工人的生计方式转变。也有部分农民选择专注于农业发展，成为专业种植大户。此外，农民的交易范围也有所扩大，从村域扩展至县域，逐渐摆脱了对土地的依赖。他们不再是小农，而是融入社会化大生产中。在交易对象上，农民不仅与熟人进行交易，还与来自周围村镇甚至其他省市的商人进行交易。交易中更注重合作利益、商品质量和商家信誉，而非个人感情。本研究希望为共同富裕、新型城镇化建设和乡村振兴战略在其他村落的实施提供有益的借鉴。

Abstract: “Leaving the land but not leaving the village” was the main mode of identity transformation for farmers in the early days of Longgang, China’s first “from town to city” area. The study found that in the process of identity transformation, local farmers realized their identity change from farmers to workers mainly by starting secondary industries such as cottage industries and part-time industries. Some farmers also chose to focus on agricultural development and became professional growers. In addition, the trading range of farmers has also changed, expanding from the village to the county and breaking away from their dependence on land. They are no longer small farmers, but have become a member of socialized mass production. In terms of trading objects, farmers not only trade with acquaintances, but also with merchants from surrounding villages and towns and even other provinces and cities. They pay more attention to the benefits of cooperation, the quality of goods and the reputation of merchants rather than personal feelings. This study hopes to provide useful insights for the implementation of the strategy of common prosperity and rural revitalization in other villages.