兰州、西安和右玉2023年4月20~26日低温天气比较研究

Comparative Study on Low-Temperature Weather in Lanzhou, Xi’an, and Youyu from April 20 to 26, 2023

摘要: 文章通过跟踪2023年4月20~26日的天气数据，分析了这次天气过程中兰州、西安和右玉的最低温度，对比了西安几个典型年份4月的极端低温特点。结果表明：西安和兰州、右玉的最低温度出现了倒挂现象；一般来说，西安在4月的天气有2个低温峰值。第1个峰值紧接着3月的冷天气，气候影响不明显。第2个峰值接近5月，如果极端低温且温差小，那么气候影响就很大。极端低温天气过程的共同点就是风、雨和降温相结合。2023年4月20~26日，西安的低温在冰点以上，兰州和右玉地区的低温在冰点以下，导致当地农作物受到冻害。

Abstract: Tracking weather data from April 20 to 26, 2023, this study analyzes the lowest temperatures in Lanzhou, Xi’an, and Youyu during this weather period. It compares the extreme low-temperature characteristics of April in Xi’an with several typical years. The results indicate an inversion phenomenon in the lowest temperatures of Xi’an, Lanzhou, and Youyu. Generally, Xi’an experiences two low-temperature peaks in April. The first peak follows cold weather in March, with less obvious climatic impact. The second peak is near May, and if extreme low temperatures occur with small tem-perature differences, the climatic impact is significant. Common features of extreme low-temperature weather events include a combination of wind, rain, and temperature decrease. From April 20 to 26, 2023, extreme low temperatures above freezing occurred in Xi’an, and ex-treme low temperatures below freezing occurred in Lanzhou and Youyu, causing frost damage to local crops.