数据分析素养视角下高考概率与统计试题研究——以2018~2023年全国I卷为例

Study on Probability and Statistics Questions of College Entrance Examination from the Perspective of Data Analysis Literacy—Taking the National Volume I from 2018 to 2023 as an Example

摘要: 数据分析素养是数学课程目标的集中体现，是数学思维、关键能力、情感态度和价值观等的综合体现。新课标要求各个中学要加大对概率与统计部分等相关内容的教学力度，让学生在提高成绩的基础上进一步增强数据分析能力。历年高考试题作为高中教学、高考冲刺的重要指挥棒，其内容分布情况直接关系到教学重心的设计，所以了解高考试题中概率与统计内容分布，对后续教学深入，提高学生核心素养有关键作用。

Abstract: The cultivation of data analysis literacy is a concentrated reflection of the objectives of mathematics courses, encompassing mathematical thinking, critical abilities, emotional attitudes, and values. The new curriculum standards require secondary schools to intensify the teaching of probability and statistics, enabling students to further enhance their data analysis skills on the basis of improving their grades. Over the years, the content distribution of the college entrance examination (Gaokao) has served as an important guide for high school teaching and exam preparation. Understanding the distribution of probability and statistics content in Gaokao questions directly impacts the design of teaching focus, thus playing a crucial role in the subsequent in-depth teaching and enhancement of students’ core literacy.