中德日未遂犯处罚根据的比较与辨析

Comparison and Analysis of the Penal Basis of Attempt in China, Germany and Japan

摘要: 本研究聚焦于未遂犯罪的处罚原则，涵盖其法律历史根源及国际视角下的立法对比。探讨包括主观未遂论、客观未遂论和印象理论在内的主要学说，旨在解析不同法学流派对未遂犯罪的理解与解释。分析了德国和日本在未遂犯罪处罚方面的法律依据，揭示这两国法律体系的特点和差异。并由此考察了我国刑法对未遂犯罪的处罚原则及其思想脉络。通过比较刑法典条文，本研究阐明了对未遂犯罪着手实行和不能犯规定的不同处理方式，揭示国际视角下未遂犯罪处罚的重要性和差异性。

Abstract: This study focuses on the principles of punishment for attempted crimes, covering their legal historical roots and a comparative analysis of legislation from an international perspective. It explores major theories, including the subjective, objective theories of attempt and the impression theory, aiming to interpret and explain attempted crimes from different legal perspectives. The study analyzes the legal basis for the punishment of attempted crimes in Germany and Japan, revealing the characteristics and differences in the legal systems of these two countries. From this analysis, it examines the principles and ideological context of punishment for attempted crimes in Mainland China’s criminal law. By comparing the criminal codes of these three legal jurisdictions, this research elucidates the different approaches to the commencement of attempted crimes and the reg-ulations on impossible crimes, highlighting the significance and variability in the punishment of attempted crimes from an international viewpoint.